新时代法治中国建设中诉源治理的实施进路研究

On the Implementation of Litigation Source Governance in the Construction of Rule of Law in the New Era

诉源治理作为新时代“枫桥经验”的深化与发展,不仅是预防性法律制度的重要方面,更是推动更多法治力量向引导和疏导端用力的重要抓手,对于推进社会治理体系和治理能力现代化具有重要意义。诉源治理推行至今,各地在实践探索的过程中逐步形成了一些各具亮点的地方模式,但存在着诉源治理具体职能目标模糊、诉源治理资源分置不当、主体定位不清、当事人程序选择权难以落实、诉前多元分流不足、诉非衔接不畅等在基本共识、规范化及实效性上的诸多问题。寻找诉源治理的理念共识,塑造系统的制度逻辑成为必须,通过建构党委领导下的诉源治理基本格局,明晰目标职责,优化资源配置;完善预防性法律制度与非诉解纷体系建设,强化前端化解、多元分流;进一步规范诉非衔接程序,提升诉非衔接的制度价值。以人员配置、经费保障与示范推进等保障机制可以促进诉源治理的规范化与实效化。

As the deepening and development of the“Fengqiao Experience”in the New Era,the litigation source governance is not only an important part of the preventive legal system,but also an important starting point to bring more legal forces into legal guidance,thus of great significance for promoting the modernization of the social governance system and capacity.So far,some local models with different highlights have been gradually formed in the process of practice and exploration.However,there are many problems in the basic consensus,standardization and effectiveness,such as vague specific functions and objectives,separation of resources,unclear subject positioning,almost no procedural option,and insufficient multiple diversion and non-connection before litigation.So,it is necessary to find a conceptual consensus of litigation source governance and shape the systemic logic of the litigation system.We can clarify the objectives and responsibilities,and optimize the allocation of resources by constructing the basic pattern of litigation source governance under the leadership of the CPC Committees;we can improve the construction of preventive legal system and non-litigation dispute resolution system to strengthen the front-end resolution and multiple diversion;we can further standardize the litigation and non-litigation connection procedures to enhance the system value of connection;we can promote the standardization and effectiveness of litigation source governance through the guarantee mechanism of personnel allocation,funding guarantee and demonstration promotion.