智慧农业发展水平的测度与国际比较:基于投入—产出模型的理论与实证研究

Measurement and International Comparison of the Development Level of Smart Agriculture:Theoretical and Empirical Research Based on an Input-Output Model

基于投入—产出模型,从智慧化生产资料在农业生产中的投入视角,提出一种测算智慧农业发展水平的研究方法,并基于OECD数据库,对包括我国在内的全球25个主要经济体2000—2018年的智慧农业发展水平进行测度和分析。研究发现:该智慧农业发展水平测算方法可以打破指标体系评价方法的局限性,具有较高的科学性和可行性;无论是发展水平还是发展速度,智慧农业在各经济体的发展都呈现显著差异,整体上,中等收入经济体的智慧农业发展水平普遍落后于高收入经济体,且差距依然在不断扩大;近年来,我国的智慧农业发展水平快速提升,在中等收入经济体中处于领先位置,但与高收入经济体相比还存在较大差距,且面临智慧化生产资料利用效率较低的问题。

From the perspective of the input of smart production materials in agricultural production activities,a kind of research method to measure the development level of smart agriculture is provided based on the input-output model.And based on the OECD database,this paper measured and analyzed the development level of smart agriculture in 25 major economies of the world including China,from 2000 to 2018.It is found that the method proposed to measure the level of smart agriculture can break the limitation of index system evaluation method,and has better scientificity and feasibility.Regardless of level or speed,the development of smart agriculture in various economies shows significant differences.Overall,the level of smart agriculture in middle-income economies generally lagged behind that of high-income economies,and the gap was still widening.In recent years,China s level of smart agriculture development has improved rapidly,taking the leading position among middle-income economies.However,there is still a big gap compared with high-income economies,and the utilization efficiency of smart production materials is relatively low.