核桃“西林3号”品种幼龄园长短枝及其当年混合芽转化调查

Investigation and Analysis of the Distribution of Long and Short Branches and the Transformation of Mixed Buds in Xilin No.3 Orchard

为给宝鸡市渭北黄土高原“西林3号”品种核桃园树体枝组培养和果品产量提升提供参考,以5龄高接换头幼园为对象,进行了立地条件差别较大的下部台田和上部台田树体长短枝数量、当年萌发新枝数量、枝条上混合芽数量、混合芽转化为雌花的比例等调查、和比较分析,结果为树体上长枝数是短枝的2.7倍,长枝、短枝上混合芽数分别占总数的86.38%和13.62%,长枝上的雌花数量约是短枝12倍;长枝混合芽转化为单果、双果的转化率依次为31.8%、6.0%,短枝混合芽转化为单果、双果的转化率依次为13.9%、4.8%;与上部台田相比,下部台田更有利于核桃树萌枝、花芽分化等生长发育。

The number distribution of long and short branches and the transformation of mixed buds in Xilin No.3 orchard were investigated both at up platform fields and down platform fields in order to improve the quality of walnut in Weibei area.The result showed that the number of long branches is 2.7 times of that of short branches,the mixed buds growing in long branches and short branches account for 86.38%and 13.62%.Female flowers born in long branches are 12 times those in short branches.The percentage of mixed buds in long branches transforming into single fruit or double fruits is 31.8%and 6.0%respectively,compared to 13.9%and 4.8%respectively in short branches.Compared with the up platform fields,walnut trees performed better in down platform fields regarding bud differentiation and shooting.