4种麦类作物脂肪酸成分的比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Four Kinds of Wheat Crops Fatty Acid Composition

对小麦、燕麦、苦荞、青稞4种麦类作物的脂肪酸成分进行分析.采用索氏提取法提取4种麦类作物样品中的脂肪油,并进行甲酯化处理,利用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)对其脂肪酸组成及质量分数进行分析.实验结果表明,小麦样品鉴定出3种脂肪酸,占脂肪油总量的99.96%;燕麦样品鉴定出4种脂肪酸,占脂肪油总量的95.72%;苦荞样品鉴定出4种脂肪酸,占脂肪油总量的96.03%;青稞样品鉴定出4种脂肪酸,占脂肪油总量的98.60%.4种样品中饱和脂肪酸的质量分数在20%左右,不饱和脂肪酸的质量分数在75.02%~79.32%.小麦和青稞样品中9,12-十八碳二烯酸较高,分别为56.57%和48.14%;燕麦和苦荞中9-十八碳烯酸较高,分别为40.07%和42.15%.

The fatty acid composition of wheat,oat,tartary buckwheat and highland barley was analyzed.The fatty oils from four wheat crops were extracted by Soxhlet extraction and then methyl esterified.The fatty acid composition and mass fraction were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).The results showed that three kinds of fatty acids were identified in wheat samples,accounting for 99.96%of the total fatty oil.Four fatty acids were identified in oat samples,accounting for 95.72%of the total fatty oil.Four fatty acids were identified in tartary buckwheat,accounting for 96.03%of the total fatty oil.Four kinds of fatty acids were identified in the highland barley samples,accounting for 98.60%of the total fat oil.The mass fraction of saturated fatty acids in the four samples was about 20%,and the mass fraction of unsaturated fatty acids was 75.02%~79.32%.The 9,12-octadecaric acid in wheat and highland barley were higher,56.57%and 48.14%respectively,the 9-octadecocarinic acids in oats and tartary buckwheat were 40.07%and 42.15%respectively.