基于多源流理论视角下我国医养结合政策变迁动力与优化路径

The dynamics and optimization path of China's health care integration policy change based on the perspective of multi-source flow theory

在多源流公共政策过程分析框架下,回顾医养结合政策变迁历程,探寻其变迁动力并提出促进其变迁的优化路径。提出医养结合政策变迁主要源于三方动力:问题源流的形成基于老年人体质健康危机严峻、医护人才资源匮乏、医养结合价值功能认识不足;政策源流的形成基于“两会”代表、专家学者的政策建议以及利益相关者的诉求表达;政治源流的形成基于党中央执政理念的与时俱进及大众情绪的舆论导向。三大源流交汇从而推动了医养结合政策的变迁。各部门在未来应更加关注现实问题的解决,并且持续追踪与及时反馈政策执行效果;建立公众能够充分表达其需求的平台,形成医养结合政策共同体的良性互动机制;践行国家新发展理念,优化医养结合政策环境。

Under the framework of multi-source public policy process analysis,this paper reviews the change process of medical care integration policy in China,explores the driving force of its change and puts forward the optimization path to promote its change.The research puts forward that the change of the policy of the combination of medical care and maintenance in China mainly comes from three driving forces:the formation of the source of the problem is based on the severe physical health crisis of the elderly,the lack of medical personnel resources,and the lack of understanding of the value function of the combination of medical care and maintenance;The formation of the policy source is based on the policy suggestions of the representatives of the“Two Sessions”,experts and scholars,and the appeal expression of stakeholders;The formation of political origins is based on the advancement of the ruling concept of the Party Central Committee,the public opinion guidance of public sentiment and the leading demonstration of foreign successful experience.The intersection of the three sources has promoted the change of the policy of combining medical care with nursing care.All departments should pay more attention to the solution of practical problems in the future,and continue to track and timely feedback the effect of policy implementation;Establish a platform for the public to fully express their needs,and form a benign interaction mechanism of the policy community of the combination of medical care and maintenance;Practice the new national development concept and optimize the policy environment of the combination of medical care and nursing.