基于彩色图像的煤矿冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出感知报警方法

Coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst perception alarm method based on color image

分析了冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出发生时抛出煤岩的图像特征:①冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出发生时抛出的煤岩主要是黑色,但煤矿井下设备一般不是黑色,因此,可利用非黑色矿用设备作为背景,采用彩色摄像机识别煤岩。②正常落煤速度、采煤机和掘进机等设备移动速度、井下人员和车辆移动速度远小于冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出发生时抛出的煤岩速度,因此,可根据速度特征,排除正常落煤、采煤机和掘进机等设备移动、井下人员和车辆移动的干扰。③瓦斯和煤尘爆炸也会造成巷道中物体短时速度较高,并伴有高亮,但冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出不会产生高亮,因此,可根据图像平均亮度,排除瓦斯和煤尘爆炸的干扰。提出了彩色摄像机设置方法:掘进工作面摄像机宜设置在掘进巷道顶板或掘进巷道两帮靠近顶板位置;回采工作面摄像机宜设置在液压支架顶部。提出了基于彩色图像的煤矿冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出感知报警方法:①在掘进巷道顶板或掘进巷道两帮靠近顶板位置、回采工作面液压支架顶部,以非黑色矿用设备为背景,设置具有补光灯的彩色摄像机。②监测识别彩色图像颜色是否发生较大变化。③若图像颜色发生较大变化,则进行图像平均亮度识别,否则继续监测识别图像颜色变化。④若图像平均亮度小于设定的亮度阈值,则识别导致图像颜色发生较大变化的物体的移动速度,否则继续监测识别图像颜色变化。⑤若物体移动速度大于设定的速度阈值,则对监视区域内甲烷浓度进行判别,否则继续监测识别图像颜色变化。⑥若甲烷浓度迅速升高或达到报警值,则进行煤与瓦斯突出报警,否则进行冲击地压报警。该方法具有非接触、监测范围广、成本低、使用维护方便等优点。

The paper analyzes the image characteristics of the thrown coal and rock when rock burst and coal and gas outburst occur.①The coal and rock thrown out during rock burst and coal and gas outburst are mainly black,but the underground equipment of the coal mine is generally not black.Therefore,nonblack mining equipment can be used as the background and color cameras can be used to identify coal and rock.②The normal coal falling speed,the moving speed of shearer,roadheader,and the moving speed of underground personnel and vehicles are far less than the speed of coal and rock thrown out in the event of rock burst and coal and gas outburst.Therefore,according to the speed characteristics,the interference from normal coal falling,movement of equipment such as shearer and roadheader,and movement of underground personnel and vehicles can be eliminated.③The explosion of gas and coal dust will also cause the objects in the roadway to have a high speed in a short time,accompanied by high brightness.But the rock burst and coal and gas outburst will not produce high brightness.Therefore,according to the average image brightness,the interference of gas and coal dust explosion can be eliminated.The paper proposes a color camera set method.The camera of the heading face should be set at the roof of the heading roadway or near the roof on both sides of the heading roadway.The camera of the working face should be set on the top of the hydraulic support.The paper puts forward a coal mine rock burst and coal and gas outburst perception alarm method based on color image.①The color camera with fill light shall be set at the roof of the heading roadway or near the roof on both sides of the heading roadway,and at the top of the hydraulic support of the working face.The nonblack mining equipment is used as the background.②The method monitors and identifies whether the color of the color image has changed greatly.③If the image color changes significantly,the average brightness of the image is identified,otherwise the monitoring of the identified image color change continues.④If the average brightness of the image is less than the set brightness threshold,the movement speed of the object causing a large change in the image color is identified,otherwise the monitoring of the identified image color change continues.⑤If the movement speed of the object is greater than the set speed threshold value,the methane concentration in the monitoring area is identified,otherwise the monitoring of the identified image color change continues.⑥If the methane concentration rises rapidly or reaches the alarm value,the coal and gas outburst alarm will be given.Otherwise,the rock burst alarm will be given.The method has the advantages of non-contact,wide monitoring range,low cost,convenient use and maintenance.