5G专网技术及煤矿5G专网方案分析

Analysis of 5G private network technology and coal mine 5G private network scheme

矿井现有的除5G以外的通信网络大部分是以独立专网的形式存在,而5G无线通信在带宽、时延、终端连接数量、可靠性等方面的性能大幅提高,相应地网络架构和组网方式也有新的变化,其中专网方案不再是单一的独立专网方案,还存在混合专网、虚拟专网等方式。介绍了网络切片、移动边缘计算、5G LAN、时间敏感网络等5G专网关键技术。给出了虚拟专网、混合专网和独立专网3种5G专网方案:虚拟专网具有服务范围广、灵活性高、成本低、建设周期短等特点,适于各种覆盖范围广、接入终端在时间和空间上不固定,同时又有一定的业务质量要求和一定程度的数据隔离要求的应用;混合专网传输路径短,安全性高,网络的端到端时延低,可进行多种灵活的自主服务,但私密性稍弱;独立专网是提供物理独享的5G专用网络,满足行业用户高带宽、低时延、高安全、高可靠的数据传输需求。提出了5G专网方案选择在安全性、可用性、可靠性等方面的一般性原则,以及煤矿5G专网在调度功能、融合需求、自主运营运维、本质安全等方面的特殊需求。提出了煤矿5G专网方案的选择:在煤矿智能化建设初期或煤矿对数据的保密性、系统使用的便捷性、系统功能的扩展性方面等没有苛刻的要求,可选择虚拟专网或混合专网方案,反之,可选择独立专网方案。指出目前煤矿采用混合专网和虚拟专网方案相对较多,且混合专网和虚拟专网方案未来一段时间内还有一定的优势;随着小型核心网的生态逐步建立,独立专网方案将会受到更多用户的认可;在今后一定时期内,独立专网、虚拟专网和混合专网方案将发挥各自的优势,服务于不同时期、不同差异化需求的煤矿智能化建设。

Most of the existing communication networks except 5G exist in the form of independent private networks.The performance of 5G wireless communication in bandwidth,delay,number of terminal connections,and reliability has been greatly improved.Accordingly,there are new changes in network architecture and networking mode.The private network scheme is no longer a single independent private network scheme.There are also hybrid private networks and virtual private networks.This paper introduces the key technologies of 5G private network,such as network slicing,mobile edge computing,5G LAN,time-sensitive network and so on.This paper proposes three kinds of 5G private network schemes,namely virtual private network,hybrid private network and independent private network.The virtual private network has the characteristics of wide service scope,high flexibility,low cost,and short construction cycle.It is used for various applications which have wide coverage,have access terminals not fixed in time and space,and have certain service quality requirements and certain degree of data isolation requirements.The hybrid private network has short transmission path,high security,and low end-to-end delay.It can carry out a variety of flexible independent services,but privacy is weak.The independent private network provides a physical exclusive 5G private network to meet the needs of industrial users for high bandwidth,low delay,high security and high-reliability data transmission.This paper puts forward the general principles of 5G private network scheme selection in terms of safety,availability and reliability.This paper also proposes the special requirements of 5G private network in coal mine in terms of dispatching function,integration demand,independent operation and maintenance and intrinsic safety.The selection of 5G special network scheme for coal mine is proposed.In the early stage of intelligent construction of coal mine or there is no strict requirements on data confidentiality,system use convenience,system function expansion in the coal mine,the virtual private network or hybrid private network scheme can be selected.Otherwise,the independent private network scheme can be selected.It is pointed out that relatively more hybrid private network and virtual private network schemes are adopeted in coal mines at present.The hybrid private network and virtual private network will have some advantages in the future.With the gradual establishment of small core network ecology,the independent private network scheme will be recognized by more users.In a certain period in the future,the independent private network,virtual private network and hybrid private network schemes will give full play to their respective advantages.They serve the intelligent construction of coal mines in different periods and with different requirements.