生命、自由、自然:“麦田里的守望者”意象中的道家教育思想

Life, Freedom, Naturalness: The Education Thought of Taoism in the Image of “the Catcher in the Rye”

“麦田里的守望者”是美国作家塞林格在同名小说中所塑造的关于理想学校教育的经典意象。该意象对一群尽情游戏的孩子、一位尽职尽责看护孩子的“守望者”大人、一大块空阔的麦田进行了极简式勾画,以此具象诠释理想学校教育的关键要素:快乐的学习者、静心守护孩子的教育者和自由自然的教育环境。深蕴于这种意象之中的是关于生命的教育理念、符合生命成长规律的教育方法和自由自然的教育境界。这种关乎生命、自由和自然的教育观,体现了道家“贵生重道”“不言之教”“返朴归真”的教育思想。

The image of“the catcher in the rye”created by American writer Salinger in his eponymous novel is a classic one of ideal school education.It concisely depicts a group of children who are enjoying themselves in games,an adult“catcher”who is guarding the children wholeheartedly,and a large block of rye field.All of which present the key elements for an ideal school education:happy learners,responsible educators who is always on guard of the learners,and free and natural education environment.What’s implied in the image is the education thought of life,of teaching method that is accorded with the law of life,and of free and natural education environment which quite agrees with the education thought of Taoism:the value of life and law,wordless teaching and returning to the state of innocence.