伽达默尔视域融合观念下拜厄特历史元小说作为文学作品的再创造

An Analysis of Byatt’s Historiographic Metafiction as a Literary Recreation Under Gadamer’s Fusion of Horizons

历史元小说作为后现代的艺术形式,是将元小说和后现代视域下的历史观结合起来的一个重要文学题材。在伽达默尔的哲学诠释学视域下,历史元小说可以被视作前理解和当下视域融合所产生的全新的可能世界的过程。因此本文将从视域融合角度出发,运用伽达默尔效果历史、模仿观和前理解概念,首先对该作品中的互文进行说明和分析,阐明艺术作品在互文下达成自身与拜厄特历史视域融合的效果事件,从而走向永恒;其次,针对其模仿观展开分析,表明拜厄特在历史戏仿的再认识中找寻接近真理的途径并达到历史认识的理想状态;最后,结合前理解观念,确认历史元小说在伽达默尔的哲学诠释学视域下是一个视域融合的全过程,实现了过去与当下视域的融合和再创造。

Historiographic metafiction,as one of the most significant postmodern art forms,combines metafiction and postmodern theory of history.From a perspective of Gadamer’s hermeneutics,historiographic metafiction can be conceived as a process of new possible worlds arising from the fusion of the past and the present prejudice.Therefore,under Gadamer’s view on effective history,imitation and preunderstanding,this paper began with an explanation of intertextuality in The Virgin in the Garden from Gadamer’s fusion of horizons perspective to clarify that the literary work has coalesced itself and Byatt’s historical horizons via intertextuality so as to embrace eternity.Then,regarding imitation,Byatt managed to approach truths and an ideal state of historical understanding through parody.Finally,with preunderstanding,it could be confirmed that the work as historiographic metafiction revealed the whole process of fusion of horizons in Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics,and consequently achieved a recreation and mergence of various vantage points from the past and the present,