云南大学“体测不合格不能毕业”改革实践研究

A study on reform and practice of“failing in physical examination and not graduating”in Yunnan university

根据近20年来国家诸多文件反复提出“未达到《国家学生体质健康标准》合格者不能毕业”的具体要求,运用文献资料、数据统计、逻辑分析等方法,对云南大学“体测不合格不能毕业”的改革实践进行系统设计和整体推进。创建“运动技能+体质健康”的男女合班选项体育课教学模式;修订教学大纲,将50 m跑、立定跳远、引体向上、仰卧起坐、1000 m跑(男)、800 m跑(女)等体测项目安排到每次体育课中;建立“50%运动技能+40%体质测试+10%平时成绩”的课程评价体系;开设200学时覆盖本科4个年级的体育课或体测课;增加学生体测次数和补测机会;启动近6万m2的学校体育中心二期建设;完善每学期男生120 km、女生100 km的校园APP;按照在校本科生300︰1比例配备体育老师;调整公共体育课薪酬系数由0.7为1.0;帮助学生掌握两项以上运动技能。一系列的改革举措引起主流媒体高度关注。研究结果表明,“体测不合格不能毕业”改革实践初见成效,2021年云南大学学生体测合格率91.9%、优良率11.9%,达到近5年来的最好水平。

According to the specific requirements repeatedly put forward by many national documents in the past 20 years that“those who fail to meet the national standards for students’physical health”and“those who are qualified can not graduate”,the methods of literature,data statistics,ad logical analysis are used to carry put systematical design and overall promotion of the reform and practice of“unqualified physical examination can not graduate”in Yunnan university.Building co-educational physical education class teaching mode of“sport technique+fitness health”for male and female students;revising the syllabus so as to include such physical test item as 50m running,standing long jump,pull-up/sit-ups and 1000m for males 800m for females as class routine;establishing a curriculum evaluation system of“50%sports technique+40%physical test+10%usual grade”;establishing physical education class or physical examination class of 200 class hours covering four grades of undergraduate course;increasing students'physical examination times and opportunities for supplementary examinations;starting the second phase construction of nearly 60,000 square meters of school sports center;improving the campus app of 120km for boys and 100km for girls per semester;adjusting physical education teachers provision according to the ratio of 300:1 for undergraduates;adjusting the public physical education class salary coefficient from 0.7 to 1.0;helping students master more than 2 sports skills.A series of reform measures once attracted the attention of the mainstream media.The results showed that the reform and practice of“failing in physical examination and not graduating”show some initial effect,and the qualified rate and the rate of good physical fitness result reached 91.9%and 11.9%respectively,which get the highest for the last 5 years from 2017 till 2021.