临床护士昼夜节律类型与隐性缺勤的关系:特质正念的调节作用

The relationship between circadian type and presenteeism in clinical nurses:the moderating effect of trait mindfulness

目的进行临床护士隐性缺勤行为现状调查,并探讨特质正念水平在昼夜节律类型及隐性缺勤间的调节作用。方法2020年12月采用问卷星对山东省3所三级甲等医院568名临床护士进行问卷调查。调查工具包括:斯坦福隐性缺勤量表、昼夜节律类型量表中文版、正念注意觉知量表和一般人口学资料调查表。结果临床护士的隐性缺勤得分为(14.87±4.74)分,处于较高水平。Pearson相关分析显示,隐性缺勤得分与昼夜节律类型的灵活性/刚性维度(r=-0.270,P<0.001)、正念水平(r=-0.344,P<0.001)呈显著负相关,与昼夜节律类型的困倦/活力维度(r=0.264,P<0.001)呈显著正相关。分层回归及进一步的简单斜率检验法显示,特质正念水平在昼夜节律类型的灵活性/刚性维度与隐性缺勤间发挥调节作用(ΔR^(2)=0.9%,P<0.001)。结论临床护士的隐性缺勤行为较为普遍,通过提高临床护士的正念水平,可以改善昼夜节律紊乱对工作投入的负性影响,从而减少护士的隐性缺勤行为。

Objective To investigate the level of presenteeism among clinical nurses and to explore the moderate role of trait mindfulness in the relationship between circadian type and presenteeism.Methods In December 2020,568 clinical nurses in three ClassⅢgrade A general hospitals of Shandong Province were invited in the study and to finish a questionnaire survey through the questionnaire platform including the Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6(SPS-6),Circadian Type Inventory-11,Mindful Attention Awareness Scale and the general information questionnaire.Results The average score of SPS-6 was(14.87±4.74),which was at a high level.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the presenteeism was negatively correlated with flexibility or rigidity dimension of circadian type(r=-0.270,P<0.001)and trait mindfulness level(r=-0.344,P<0.001),and the presenteeism was positively correlated with languid or vigorous dimension of circadian type(r=0.264,P<0.001).The hierarchical regression and simple slopes analysis showed that trait mindfulness level could moderate the correlation between flexibility or rigidity dimension of circadian type and presenteeism(ΔR^(2)=0.9%,P<0.001).Conclusion The presenteeism of clinical nurses is common.Meanwhile,improving the trait mindfulness level of clinical nurses,the negative effect of circadian rhythm disturbance on job engagement could be improved,thus reducing the presenteeism.