新护士职场适应度现状及影响因素研究

Workplace adaptability and its influencing factors among newly graduated nurses

目的调查新护士职场适应度现状并分析其影响因素,为制订并实施针对性干预及培训策略提供参考。方法于2021年10月,采用便利抽样法,应用一般资料调查问卷、护士职场适应度量表和护士长给予护士人文关怀行为量表对368名新护士进行调查分析。结果新护士职场适应度总分为(65.90±10.71)分,各维度条目均分由高到低依次为:工作环境与氛围、与上司的关系、业务自主;新护士职场适应度总分及各维度得分均与护士长给予护士人文关怀行为总分及各维度得分呈正相关(P<0.01);性别、入职时间、每月夜班频次、对目前从事护理职业的满意度、对目前收入的满意度及护士长给予护士人文关怀行为是新护士职场适应度的主要影响因素(P<0.01)。结论新护士职场适应度处于中等偏上水平,但仍有进一步提升的空间,提示护理管理者应多关注女性、入职时间短的新护士,合理调整夜班频次,增强其职业认同,努力改善薪酬,积极培养护士长关怀行为,给予新护士工作、人际交往、价值观塑造等全方位支持,进而促进其职场适应。

Objective To investigate the current situation of workplace adaptability among newly graduated nurses and analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide reference for formulating targeted intervention measures.Methods In October 2021,the convenient sampling method was used to investigate and analyze 368 newly graduated nurses by using general information questionnaire,nurses'workplace adaptability scale and the scale of behavior of head nurse's humanistic care for nurses.Results The total score of workplace adaptability of newly graduated nurses was(65.90±10.71),and the average scores of each dimension from high to low:working environment and atmosphere,relationship with boss,and business autonomy.Newly graduated nurses total score and each dimension score of workplace adaptability were positively correlated with the total score and each dimension score of humanistic care behavior given by head nurse(P<0.01).Newly graduated nurses'gender,entry time,monthly night shift frequency,satisfaction with the current nursing profession,satisfaction with current income and head nurse's behavior of giving humanistic care to nurses were the influencing factors of workplace adaptability(P<0.01).Conclusion The workplace adaptability of newly graduated nurses is above the average level,but there is still room for further improvement.It is suggested that nursing managers should pay more attention to women and newly graduated nurses with short entry time,reasonably adjust the frequency of night shift,enhance their professional identity,strive to improve their salary,actively cultivate the head nurse's caring behavior,and provide all-round support to new nurses in work,interpersonal communication and value shaping,in order to promote their workplace adaptation.