力系平衡问题的教学内容优化设计

Optimizing the Teaching Content Involving Forces Equilibrium

在力系平衡的传统教法中,存在一些前后内容不合逻辑的问题,且没有利用各力系之间内在的联系来布局和安排教学内容,不符合一般到特殊的认知规律。将传统教法中平面汇交力系的平衡问题纳入平面力系平衡问题的框架下,并导出其独立的平衡方程,解决缺少理论基础的问题;据各种力系的内在联系,基于辩证统一的思想和一般到特殊的规律来安排教学内容,形成一个知识点高度集中、内容简洁、逻辑性和可操作性都很强的新教法。该教法注重理论的推导过程及应用的灵活性,着重培养学生发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力,利于培养和提高学生的逻辑思维能力和科学素养。

In the traditional teaching method involving balance of force systems,there are some illogical problems in the order of teaching contents,and teachers fail to lay out and arrange teaching contents based on the internal connections between the various force systems,which does not follow the cognitive law from the general to special.For solving the problem of lack of theoretical foundation in tradition teaching the equilibrium of plane concurrent forces in the traditional teaching gets incorporated into the framework of coplanar forces equilibrium,which derives its independent equilibrium equations.If teaching contents can be arranged in line with the internal relations of various force systems,the thought of dialectical unity,and the law from the general to specific and,a new teaching method can be generated involving highly concentrated knowledge points and concise content with strong logicality and operability.The new teaching method attaches great importance to the theoretical derivation process and the flexibility of application,and focuses on cultivating students’ability of finding,analyzing and solving problems,which is conducive to cultivating and improving their logical thinking ability and scientific literacy.