王维、孟浩然、高适、岑参诗歌之“隽永超逸”议——以王士禛的《唐贤三昧集》为考察对象

The Meaningful and Transcendent Poems of Wang Wei,Meng Haoran,Gao Shi and Cen Shen——An Investigation on An Anthology of Poems on the Secrets of Tangs’ Poets

《唐贤三昧集》是王士禛编选的一部唐诗选本,其中上卷以王维为首,诗歌数量总排名第一;中卷以孟浩然为首,诗歌数量总排名第二,下卷以高适为首,而岑参诗歌数量总排名第三。王士禛通过四位诗人揭示出盛唐诗歌的真面目,即以王孟为代表的山水田园诗派和以高岑为代表的边塞诗派,由此构建出以“隽永超诣”为选诗原则的盛唐诗歌体系。其中“隽永超诣”就体现在王孟诗风的平淡清远与高岑诗歌的雄浑悲壮上。

An Anthology of Poems on the Secrets of Tangs’ Poets is an anthology of Tang poems selected by Wang Shizhen.In this book,the first volume is headed by Wang Wei who ranks the first in total number of poems,the middle volume is headed by Meng Haoran who ranks the second in total number of poems,the last volume is headed by Gao Shi but Cen Shen who ranks the third in total number of poems.Wang Shi zhen reveals the true nature of Tang poetry which is the landscape and pastoral poetry represented by Wang and Meng and frontier fortress poetry represented by Gao and Cen.Then the poetry system of prosperous Tang dynasty is constructed based on the principle of meaningful and transcendent poetry selection,which is mainly manifested in the insipidity of Wang and Meng’s poetic style and the vigorous solemn and stirring of Gao and Cen’s poems.