抗蜱亚单位疫苗作用途径解析

Analysis of action pathway of anti-tick subunit vaccine

蜱是专性吸血的体外寄生虫,可传播多种病原体。目前主要通过化学杀螨剂进行防治,但长期使用化学杀虫剂可造成蜱的抗药性及环境污染。抗蜱亚单位疫苗是有效的蜱类防治手段之一,但其作用机制尚不明确。该文着重介绍了抗蜱亚单位疫苗诱导的宿主免疫应答,包括体液免疫、细胞免疫、补体系统以及免疫后宿主的抗体、免疫细胞和补体对蜱的作用途径,旨在为深入揭示抗蜱疫苗免疫机制奠定基础,为筛选新型抗蜱疫苗提供科学依据。

Ticks are obligate,hematophagous ectoparasites that transmit a variety of pathogens.Although tick control is principally dependent on the application of chemical acaricides at present,long-term application can lead to resistance to acaricides in ticks and cause environmental contamination.Anti-tick subunit vaccine is one of the effective tick control strategies,but its mechanism of action is still unclear.This paper focuses on the host immune responses induced by the anti-tick subunit vaccine,including humoral immunity,cellular immunity,and complement system,as well as the action pathways of antibodies,immune cells,and complement from the host immunized on ticks,in order to lay the foundation for revealing the immune mechanism of anti-tick vaccine and provide a scientific basis for screening for a new anti-tick vaccine.