绿色金融发展降低能源消耗强度了吗?

Has the Development of Green Finance Reduced the Energy Consumption Intensity?

能源消耗强度反映了单位GDP能源消耗,是衡量资源利用效率的重要指标。“十四五”规划将提高资源利用效率、大力发展绿色经济列为重点任务,要求提供秉持绿色发展理念的金融服务,引导社会资源向绿色产业集聚,推动经济高质量发展和生态环境高水平保护协同共进。文章运用文本挖掘法测算了2008-2018年全国30个省(直辖市、自治区)绿色金融发展指数,运用系统GMM估计方法和中介效应模型研究了绿色金融发展对能源消耗强度的影响效应和传导机制。研究发现:(1)绿色金融发展是降低能源消耗强度的重要因素,提升外商投资水平和金融发展水平有助于降低能源消耗强度,但城镇化的发展对降低能源消耗强度没有积极影响;分区域来看,中西部地区和非经济发达地区绿色金融对能源消耗强度的降低作用更加显著。(2)影响机制方面,绿色金融主要通过绿色金融政策和绿色发展理念引导污染产业向非污染产业转型,激励绿色技术进步、提高生产效率,从而降低能源消耗强度。因此,发展绿色金融降低能源消耗强度需要发挥绿色金融政策的引导作用,培养绿色消费环境,积极引导绿色资金对能源技术的支持,促进产业结构绿色化转型。

Energy consumption intensity reflects unit GDP energy consumption and remains an essential indicator to measure the efficiency of resource utilization.The 14th Five-year Plan includes improving the efficiency of resource utilization and vigorously developing green economy as the key tasks,providing financial services under green concept,gathering social resources toward green industries,and promoting coordinated development between high-quality economic development and high-level protection of the ecological environment.This paper adopted text mining method to calculate the green finance development indicators of 30 provinces(municipalities and autonomous regions)from 2008 to 2018,and applied SYS-GMM estimation method and mediating effect model to study the impact of green finance development on energy consumption intensity and its transmission mechanism.The results showed that green finance development is an important factor to reduce energy consumption intensity.The improvement of foreign investment and financial condition helps to reduce energy consumption intensity yet urbanization has no positive impact on the suppression of it.In terms of the regions,the inhibition effect of green finance on energy consumption intensity is more significant in central and western regions and underdeveloped regions.In terms of influence mechanism,energy consumption intensity is lessened by green technological progress and the green finance policy and concept of green development increased production efficiency and transformed polluting industries into non-polluting industries.Therefore,in order to achieve this goal the green finance policy shall be brought into full play;the green consumption environment shall be cultivated;the green funds shall be guided to energy technology,and the greening industrial structure shall be upgraded.