围透析期血透患者患病体验的质性研究

Qualitative Study on Illness Experience of Peri-dialysis Hemodialysis Patients

为了解围透析期血透患者的患病体验,为促进患者尽快适应并积极应对疾病提供参考依据,采用现象学方法,以目的抽样对15名符合标准的围透析期血透患者进行半结构式访谈,运用内容分析法对访谈资料进行整理分析。结果显示,围透析期血透患者的患病体验可归纳为3大主题,即疾病认知欠缺、负性心理体验、应对方式变化。因此,医护人员应加强疾病宣传力度,提高患者认知水平;关注患者心理健康,建立有效社会支持系统;提高患者应对能力,协助回归家庭社会,从而不断改善围透析期血透患者的患病体验。

To understand the illness experience of peri-dialysis hemodialysis patients,and to provide reference for promoting patients to adapt to the disease as soon as possible and actively cope with the disease,13 patients with hemodialysis in peri-dialysis period were interviewed by semi-structured interviews with phenomenological method.The illness experience of hemodialysis patients could be divided into three main categories:lack of disease cognition,negative psychological experience and changes in coping style.Medical staffs should strengthen the propaganda of disease and improve the cognitive level of patients,pay attention to patients'mental health and establish effective social support system,improve patients'coping ability and assist them to return to family and society,so as to continuously improve the illness experience of patients undergoing hemodialysis during the peri dialysis period.