重油航空活塞发动机燃油喷射技术

Fuel injection technology of heavy fuel aircraft piston engine

燃油喷射技术作为航空活塞发动机的关键技术之一,其结构形式及特性直接影响航空活塞发动机的整机性能,随着通用航空对发动机性能要求的不断提升,燃油喷射技术的发展也在不断延续。综述了当前各种重油航空活塞发动机采用的燃油供给系统,对其适用的经典机型进行了梳理,总结了各种燃油供给系统的优缺点。阐述了研究重油喷射技术采用的前沿理论、仿真计算及试验方法,分析了研究重油雾化过程存在的难点,给出了研究重油喷射技术的相关建议。提出了未来重油航空活塞发动机发展思路和关键技术,重点希望对重油航空活塞发动机的正向研制提供技术指导,推动中国通用航空的可持续发展。

Fuel injection technology is one of the key technologies of aviation piston engines.Its structure and characteristics directly affect the integral performance of aircraft piston engines.With the requirements of general aviation for better engine performance,the development of fuel injection technology continues.This paper summarizes the current fuel supply systems used in various heavy fuel aircraft piston engines,sorts out the classic models that are applicable to them,and reviews the advantages and disadvantages of the various fuel supply systems.It expounds some cutting-edge theories,simulation calculations and experimental methods used in the study of heavy oil injection technology,and analyzes some difficulties in heavy fuel atomization,followed by relevant suggestions for the study of heavy fuel injection technology.Finally,this paper puts forward some ideas and key technologies for the future development of heavy fuel aircraft piston engine,with a focus on providing technical guidance for the forward development of heavy fuel aircraft piston engines,thus contributing to the sustainable development of China’s general aviation.