技术溢出、溢出差异度对多龙头企业集群技术创新效益的影响分析

Analysis on the Influence of Technology Spillover and Technology Spillover Difference Degree on Technology Innovation Benefits of Multi-leading Enterprise Clusters

技术创新是龙头企业集群发展升级的不竭动力,运用数理模型刻画其对集群发展的内在机理研究有待深化。鉴于已有理论文献中“集群双寡头”假设的局限性,考虑在多个龙头企业独立创新、多个跟随企业模仿创新的集群中,构建Stackelberg产量决策博弈模型,分析技术溢出差异度、技术溢出、技术创新投入等因素对集群企业技术创新效益的影响,并进行数值模拟。研究发现:龙头企业创新效益与技术溢出差异度、技术溢出以及其他企业技术创新投入均呈负相关关系;跟随企业创新效益与技术溢出差异度、技术溢出的相关性取决于其技术创新效率与其他跟随企业技术创新效率的比较,当其技术创新效率相对于其他跟随企业的技术创新效率较小时,该跟随企业创新效益与技术溢出差异度、技术溢出负相关,反之正相关;跟随企业创新效益与其他跟随企业的技术创新投入负相关,与龙头企业技术创新投入的相关性取决于集群各企业的创新效率、技术溢出差异度、技术溢出、龙头企业数量、跟随企业数量多方因素,技术溢出差异度、技术溢出、自身技术创新效率越大,跟随企业创新效益与龙头企业技术创新投入正相关概率越高,其他集群企业技术创新效率越高,两者负相关概率越高。

Technological innovation is an inexhaustible driving force for the development and upgrading of leading enterprises’clusters.The study the internal mechanism of cluster development,mathematical models are used to describe.In view of the limitation that existing literatures usually has hypothesis of"duopoly enterprise in a cluster",a more general cluster innovation environment is considered,that is,multiple leading enterprises lead innovation and multiple following enterprises imitate innovation.Based on the successive actions of the output decision-making of cluster enterprises,a Stackelberg output decision-making game model is established,and the effects of technology spillover,techno-logy spillover difference degree and technology innovation input on the technology innovation benefit of cluster enterprises are studied.Research shows that the benefits of leading enterprises’innovation are negatively correlated with technology spillover,technology spillover difference degree and other enterprises’investment in technology innovation.The correlation between the benefits of following enterprises’imitation innovation and the technology spillover,the technology spillover difference degree depends on the innovation efficiency of following enterprises,the number of leading enterprises and the number of following enterprises,as the technology innovation efficiency is relative smaller to other follow enterprise’s technology innovation efficiency,the following enterprise’s innovation efficiency is negatively related to the technology spillovers difference degree and technology spillovers,whereas positive correlation.the benefits of following enterprises’imitation innovation is negatively correlated with the technology innovation investments of other following enterprises.The correlation with technology innovation investments of leading enterprises depends on the innovation efficiency,technology spillover,technology spillover difference degree,number of leading enterprises and number of following enterprises.The greater the technology spillovers difference degree,technology spillovers,or the efficiency of technological innovation itself is,the higher probability of positive correlation between following enterprise innovation profits and leading enterprise’s innovation investments is,while the higher other cluster enterprises’technology innovation efficiency is,the higher probability of negative correlation is.