“动态国家综合要素竞争优势理论”与中国长期经济增长

Dynamic National Synthetical Factors Competitive Advantage Theory and China’s Long-Term Economic Growth

迄今为止,尚未有一个逻辑严密且一以贯之的经济理论能从宏观经济的视角分析和揭示新中国成立以来特别是改革开放40多年来的经济快速增长之谜。以要素禀赋、工业化基础、国家相互开放度、经济体制等基本经济要素为基础,提出和构建了一种新的经济理论分析框架——“动态国家综合要素竞争优势理论”,并运用该理论框架从宏观经济的视角揭示了新中国成立以来特别是改革开放40多年来经济快速增长的原因。研究发现,“动态国家综合要素竞争优势理论”是党和政府择机选择和制定有利于经济持续快速增长的经济发展战略的重要理论依据;在不同经济发展时期,党和政府只有择机选择和制定能够充分发挥国家综合要素构成的潜在整体竞争优势的经济发展战略,才能有力地推动和保持国家经济的快速增长。新中国成立以来特别是改革开放40多年来经济持续快速增长的成功实践,有力地证明和支持了“动态国家综合要素竞争优势理论”的科学性与合理性。

Many scholars have tried to apply existing theories or propose new economic theories to analyze the mystery of rapid economic growth since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,especially in the 40 years of reform and opening up.However,most of these studies and explanations have just discussed the causes of China’s economic growth in the 40 years mentioned above from a microeconomic perspective,ignoring the entire economic development history since the founding of the People’s Republic of China.In addition,there are limitations in theories of Structuralism,Neoliberalism,latecomer advantage,comparative advantage,and new structural economics when exploring such issues from a microeconomic perspective.Based on the practices of economic growth since the founding of the People’s Republic of China(especially over the 40 years of reform and opening up),this paper uses the four basic economic factors of factor endowment,industrialization foundation,bidirectional openness,and economic system to construct a new economic theoretical analysis framework—dynamic national synthetical factors competitive advantage theory through absorbing reasonable ingredients of previous economics theories.Applying the new theoretical framework,this paper discusses the practice of the Communist Party of China(CPC)and the government in choosing and adjusting economic development strategies and its impact on economic growth since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,especially over the 40 years of reform and opening up,from a macroeconomic perspective.The results show that the dynamic national synthetical factors competitive advantage theory is an important theoretical basis for the CPC and the Chinese government to select and formulate economic development strategies favorable to rapid economic growth.From the viewpoint of this theory,it is necessary and reasonable for China to choose the priority development strategy of heavy industry at the early stage of the People’s Republic of China,to select and implement the comparative advantage development strategy and the latecomer advantage development strategy in the period from the reform and opening up to the 18th CPC National Congress in 2012,and to adopt the innovation-driven development strategy after the 18th CPC National Congress.In different periods of economic development,there are obvious differences in the potential overall competitive advantages of the national synthetical factors.This suggests that only when the CPC and the government choose and formulate economic development strategies that match the potential overall competitive advantages of the national synthetical factors in different development periods,the long-term stable economic growth can be promoted and maintained vigorously.The marginal contribution of this paper is mainly reflected in three aspects.First,this paperproposes and constructs,for the first time,the dynamic national synthetical factors competitive advantage theory based on the four economic factors of factor endowment,industrialization foundation,bidirectional openness,and economic system.Second,from a macroeconomic perspective,this paper uses for the first time the dynamic national synthetical factors competitive advantage theory to explore the process of selecting and formulating economic development strategies as well as its impact on economic growth since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,based on the potential overall competitive advantage of dynamic national synthetical factors in different periods.Third,this paper is the first to use the consistent dynamic national synthetical factors competitive advantage theory to analyze the causes of China’s long-term rapid economic growth in the early days of the People’s Republic of China,especially in the 40 years of reform and opening up,from a macroeconomic perspective.The dynamic national synthetical factors competitive advantage theory proposed in this paper contributes to the theoretical innovation of Chinese economics,and provides a new approach to analyze the cause of China’s rapid economic growth since the founding of the People’s Republic of China,especially during the 40 years of reform and opening up.Moreover,it provides a new option for developing countries to formulate economic strategies and accelerate long-term economic development,and contributes Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions to solve the problem of the long-term economic growth of mankind.