2014—2021年甘肃省居民户食用盐质量结果分析

Analysis of household salt quality in Gansu Province from 2014 to 2021

目的 全面掌握盐业体制改革对甘肃省居民户食用盐的影响,为促进碘缺乏病防控措施有效落实提供科学依据和支持。方法 在全省的14个市(州)、86个县(区)共87个监测单位开展。2014—2015年根据甘肃省碘缺乏病监测方案(2012版)采集居民户食用盐测定盐碘含量,2016年、2017年根据甘肃省碘缺乏病监测方案(2016版)分别在30个县、61个县采集学生和孕妇家中食用盐测定盐碘含量,其余县(区)执行2012版,2018年起所有县均执行2016版监测方案。结果 盐业体制改革前后(2014—2021年)共检测居民户食用盐样209 213份,合格份数197 875份、不合格份数10 089份;碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率分别为99.40%、95.15%、94.58%。盐业体制改革前后碘盐覆盖率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。盐业体制改革前后盐碘中位数为25.40 mg/kg,盐碘均数为25.75 mg/kg,变异系数为17.94%;盐业体制改革前后盐碘中位数含量比较有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论 盐业体制改革后甘肃省居民户食用碘盐总体保持较稳定;需重视盐碘均数变化;盐业生产和流通监管还需加强;加强科学补碘健康教育宣传。

Objective To understand the impact of system reform of salt industry on household salt in Gansu Province,and to provide scientific basis and support for the effective implementation of IDD prevention and control measures.Methods A total of 87 monitoring units were conducted in 86 counties(districts) of 14 cities(prefectures) in Gansu Province.Salt samples of residents were collected for detection of salt iodine content according to Gansu IDD surveillance project(2012 edition) from 2014 to 2015;Salt samples of children and pregnant women were collected for detection of salt iodine content in 30 and 61 counties respectively according to Gansu IDD surveillance project(2016 edition) in 2016 and 2017,other counties implemented 2012 edition;All counties have implemented 2016 edition since 2018.Results A total of 209 213 salt samples were investigated before and after system reform of salt industry(2014—2021),including 197 875 qualified and 10 089 unqualified;Coverage rate of iodized salt was 99.40%,qualified rate of iodized salt was 95.15%,consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 94.58%;Comparison of coverage rate of iodized salt before and after system reform of salt industry were not statistically significant(P>0.05);There was significant difference in the qualified rate of iodized salt and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt(P<0.05).The median salt iodine was 25.40 mg/kg,the mean salt iodine was 25.75 mg/kg,and the coefficient of variation was 17.94%;There was significant difference in the median content of salt iodine before and after system reform of salt industry(P<0.05).Conclusion The consumption of iodized salt by households remains relatively stable after system reform of salt industry in Gansu Province;The change of mean salt iodine should be paid attention;The supervision of salt production and circulation needs to be strengthened;Health education of scientific iodine supplement should be strengthened.