2型糖尿病患者社区管理现状及措施研究进展

Research progress of current situation and measure of community management of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

近年来,由于人们生活水平的不断提升,2型糖尿病发病率呈逐年升高的趋势,在很大程度上影响了患者生活质量。2型糖尿病属于内分泌系统疾病,是一类极为普遍的慢性病症。该病起病较隐匿,早期临床症状较轻,小部分患者会出现轻度口渴、乏力等症状,大部分患者临床症状并不明显,一般在出现慢性并发症时才会发现此病。2型糖尿病的发病机制目前尚不明确,其具有较为复杂的发病因素,如体力活动过少、肥胖及应激等均可导致糖尿病。且随着患者病情的发展,血糖水平也随之而升高,出现明显的“三多一少”症状,即喝水多、吃饭多、尿多和体重减轻,同时伴乏力、疲劳等。若2型糖尿病患者长时间血糖水平控制不佳,将导致患者脏器受损、功能混乱及衰退,直接危害患者身体健康。因此,除了对2型糖尿病进行积极治疗,加强2型糖尿病的社区管理尤为重要。本文将2型糖尿病社区管理现状及管理措施研究进展进行综述,以期为2型糖尿病的临床管理提供参考方案。

In recent years,due to the continuous improvement of people’s living standards,the incidence rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus has increased year by year,which has greatly affected the quality of life of patients.Type 2 diabetes mellitus is an endocrine system disease,which is a very common chronic disease.The onset of the disease is hidden,and the early clinical symptoms are mild.A small number of patients will have mild thirst,fatigue and other symptoms.Most patients have no obvious clinical symptoms,and the disease is generally found when there are chronic complications.At present,the pathogenesis of type 2diabetes mellitus is not clear,and it has more complex pathogenic factors,such as less physical activity,obesity and stress can lead to diabetes.And with the development of the patient’s condition,the blood glucose level also increases,and there are obvious "three more and one less" symptoms,that is,drinking more water,eating more,urinating more and less weight,accompanied by weakness,fatigue,etc.If the blood glucose level of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus is not well controlled for a long time,it will lead to organ damage,functional disorder and recession,which will directly endanger the health of patients.Therefore,in addition to the active treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus,it is particularly important to strengthen the community management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.This paper summarizes the current situation of community management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the research progress of management measures,in order to provide a reference scheme for the clinical management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.