我国乡村能源合作社商业模式研究——基于多参与主体利益因素的考量

Research on the Rural Energy Cooperative Business Model in China——Consideration Based on the Interests of Multi-participants Entities

乡村能源合作社作为乡村能源服务重要依托场景之一,对加快乡村能源服务落地、建设中国美丽乡村具有十分重要的意义。然而,适用于乡村能源合作社的商业模式尚不明晰,各参与主体所获得的效益难以权衡和分配,阻碍了乡村能源合作社的推广与应用。基于此,本文以乡村能源合作社的构成要素以及各参与主体的利益诉求为基础,提出三种乡村能源合作社运营模式,构建基于Shapley值的多主体合作博弈模型,以江西省A县乡村/乡镇分布式光伏能源合作社为例,研究合作社各参与主体的利益分配机制,完成乡村能源合作社商业模式的设计研究。结果表明:通过组建乡村能源合作社所带来的收益大于独自经营的收益,可使乡村资源的开发和利用得到良好的规划和发展。

As one of the important supporting scenarios for rural energy services,rural energy cooperatives are of great significance for accelerating the landing of rural energy services and building beautiful villages in China.However,the business model applicable to rural energy cooperatives is still unclear,and the benefits obtained by the participants are difficult to weigh and distribute,which hinders the promotion and application of rural energy cooperatives.Based on this,based on the constituent elements of rural energy cooperatives and the interests of each participating entity,this paper proposes three operating modes of rural energy cooperatives,constructs a multi-subject cooperative game model based on Shapley value,takes the rural/township distributed photovoltaic energy cooperative in A county of Jiangxi Province as an example,studies the interest distribution mechanism of each participating entity of the cooperative,and completes the design and research of the business model of the rural energy cooperative.The results show that the benefits brought by the establishment of rural energy cooperatives are greater than the benefits of independent operation,and the development and utilization of rural resources can be well planned and developed.