洛阳偃师方言前缀“圪”研究

Research on Luoyang Yanshi Dialect Prefix"圪(ge)"

“圪”是偃师方言中使用频率较高的前缀之一,可以附加在名词性、动词性、形容词性、量词性、象声词性等语素前构成名词、动词、形容词、量词、象声词等。偃师方言前缀“圪”一般仅与单音节语素进行搭配。表义作用方面,偃师方言前缀“圪”构成新词的语义范围可出现缩小、扩大或转变的现象;语法功能方面,偃师方言前缀“圪”具有转换词性和成词的作用。

"圪(ge)"is one of the high-frequently used prefixes in Yanshi dialects,which can be attached to various morphemes,including nominal,verbal,adjectival,quantificational,and onomatopoeic morphemes,to form nouns,verbs,adjectives,quantifiers,onomatopoeia,etc.The Yanshi dialect prefix"圪(ge)"is generally only paired with monosyllabic morphemes.In terms of ideographic function,the semantic scope of the Yanshi dialect prefix"圪(ge)"constituting the new words can be narrowed,expanded or transfered;In terms of grammatical function,the Yanshi dialect prefix"圪(ge)"has the function of lexical category conversion and word-forming.