“其实”的言实性与反预期——兼论与语气词组配的认识立场差异

The Verbal Reality and Counter-expectation of“Qi shi”——Also on the Differences in Epistemic Stance of Matching with the Modal Particles

“其实”属于言实类语气副词,它之所以表达反预期的话语功能是因为言者对听者的关注,体现了语言交际中的礼貌原则。它的话语标记功能是其反预期功能进一步主观化的结果。“其实”与不同的语气词组配体现了言者不同的认识立场,所体现言者的认识优势可概括为“其实嘛>其实啊>其实呢>其实吧”。

“Qi shi”is a modal adverb conveying verbal reality.The reason why it can express a counter-expectation discourse function is the speaker’s concern to the listener.It reflects the politeness of verbal communication.Its discourse marking function is the result of further subjectivization of its counter-expectation function.When combined with other modal particles,“Qi shi”expresses speaker’s epistemic stances.The cognitive advantages can be ranked as“Qi shi ma>Qi shi a>Qi shi ne>Qi shi ba”.