苯扎氯铵稀释液漱口防治放射性口腔黏膜炎的应用价值

Application Value of Benzalkonium Chloride Diluent Solution Gargling in the Prevention and Treatment of Radiation Oral Mucositis

目的 探讨苯扎氯铵稀释液漱口防治放射性口腔黏膜炎的作用。方法 将2021年1月—2022年3月在福建医科大学附属第二医院就诊的155例接受放化疗的头颈部恶性肿瘤患者随机分为对照组(77例)和观察组(78例)。对照组患者接受普通温水漱口,3次/d;观察组患者给予苯扎氯铵稀释液漱口,3次/d,比较两种口腔漱口方法对放射性口腔黏膜炎发生率、抗生素使用强度和癌症病患者活质量自评量表(self-assessment scale for quality of life in cancer patient,SAS-QOL)的影响。结果观察组Ⅲ/Ⅳ级口腔黏膜炎发生率为43.59%(34/78),而对照组为62.34%(48/77),差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5.466,P=0.019)。观察组接受抗生素治疗的强度为3.29%,而对照组为7.81%。观察组SAS-QOL评分为(45.23±4.71)分,对照组为(39.23±3.82)分,差异有统计学意义(t=8.704,P <0.001)。结论 与常规漱口相比,采用苯扎氯铵稀释液口腔漱口可以有效降低Ⅲ/Ⅳ级放射性口腔黏膜炎的发生率,减少抗生素使用强度,提高癌症生活质量。

Objective To investigate the effect of benzalkonium chloride diluent gargling in the prevention and treatment of radiation oral mucositis.Methods From January 2021 to March 2022,a total of 155 patients with head and neck cancer who received radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University were randomly divided into control group(77 cases) and observation group(78 cases).The patients in the control group received ordinary warm water gargling,3 times a day,and the patients in the observation group were given benzalkonium chloride diluent gargling,3 times a day.The incidence of radiation oral mucositis,antibiotic use intensity and self-assessment scale for quality of life(SAS-QOL)in cancer patient were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence rate of grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ oral mucositis in the observation group was 43.59%(34/78),while that in the control group was 62.34%(48/77),and the difference was statistically significant(χ~2=5.466,P =0.019).The intensity of antibiotic treatment in the observation group was 3.29% compared to 7.81% in the control group.The SASQOL score of the observation group was(45.23±4.71) points,and that of the control group was(39.23±3.82) points,and the difference was statistically significant(t =8.704,P < 0.001).Conclusion Compared with conventional gargling,oral gargling with benzalkonium chloride diluent can effectively reduce the incidence of grade Ⅲ/Ⅳ radiation oral mucositis,reduce the intensity of antibiotic use,and improve the quality of life in cancer.