抗寒梨品种资源秋季叶片叶绿素荧光参数日变化比较

Comparsion on Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics on the Cold-resistant Pear Varieties in Autumn

以‘南果梨’‘苹香梨’‘寒红梨’‘寒酥梨’和‘山梨’(野生秋子梨资源类型)为试材,采用枝条田间冻害调查法及叶绿素荧光参数测定法,研究了秋季叶片叶绿素荧光参数日变化对梨品种越冬抗寒性的影响,以期为梨品种抗寒性快速鉴定及我国北方寒冷地区梨优质栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:秋季抗寒梨品种资源光能转化效率由强到弱依次为‘山梨’>‘南果梨’>‘寒红梨’>‘苹香梨’>‘寒酥梨’,Fo、Fv、Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo品种间差异达到极显著差异;品种间Fo、Fv、Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo等日动态变化规律差异较大,Fo值大体呈现倒“V”字型,Fv值不同时间段内波动小整体呈上升趋势,Fv/Fo值与Fv/Fm值变化规律近乎一致;-31℃绝对低温下,品种冻害指数大小依次为‘寒红梨’>‘寒酥梨’>‘苹香梨’>‘南果梨’>‘山梨’,品种抗寒能力与Fo日变化呈显著负相关,与Fv/Fm日变化呈显著正相关。

Five varieties of ‘Shanli’‘Pingxiangli’‘Hanhongli’‘Hansuli’and ‘Shanli’(Pyrus ussuriensis) were used as test materials, the field freezing injury investigation method and chlorophyll fluorescence test method were used.The effect of diurnal variation of leaf chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in autumn on cold-resistance of pear varieties in winter was studied, in order to provide reference for rapid identification of cold resistance of pear varieties and high-quality cultivation of pear in cold regions of northern China.The results showed that light energy conversion efficiency of cold-resistant pear varieties in autumn was in the order of ‘Shanli’>‘Nanguoli’>‘Hanhongli’>‘Pingxiangli’>‘Hansuli’ from strong to weak.The differences among Fo, Fv, Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo varieties were extremely significant.Fo, Fv, Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo varied greatly among varieties, Fo values showed an inverted ‘V’ shape, Fv value of different varieties fluctuated slightly in different time periods and showed an overall upward trend, Fv/Fo value was almost consistent with that of Fv/Fm.At absolute low temperature of-31 ℃,the order of cold resistance of cultivars was ‘Hanhongli’>‘Hansuli’>‘Pingxiangli’>‘Nanguoli’>‘Shanli’,the cold tolerance was negatively correlated with diurnal Fo and positively correlated with diurnal Fv/Fm.