不同树形对枣枝叶生长及果实品质的影响

Effects of Different Tree Shapes on Branch and Leaf Growth and Fruit Quality in Chinese Jujube

以不同树形的‘月光’和‘冬枣’为试材,探究果实半红期枝叶生长、果实外部形态与内在品质,研究了不同树形对枣枝叶生长与果实品种的影响,以期为‘月光’和‘冬枣’栽培中树形的选择提供参考依据。结果表明:每品种采用不同树形处理后枣吊长度无显著差异。‘月光’开心形和Y字形处理的叶片形态一致,开心形单果质量最大,达到8.65 g,不同树形果实维生素C、可溶性糖、可滴定酸与可溶性固形物含量不存在显著差异。‘冬枣’枣头形、改良开心形和疏散分层形处理间叶片形态基本一致,果实维生素C、可溶性糖、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物含量无显著差异。‘冬枣’枣头形和疏散分层形单果质量无显著差异,但枣头形树形果实可溶性固形物含量显著低于改良开心形和疏散分层形,仅为25.98%。综合比较,开心形适于‘月光’,疏散分层形适于‘冬枣’。

Taking ‘Yueguang’ and ‘Dongzao’ with different tree shapes as test materials, the growth of branches and leaves was investigated, and the external morphology and internal quality of fruits with different tree shapes were measured at the half red stage of fruit, and the effects of different tree shapes on the growth of branches and leaves and fruit varieties were explored, in order to provide reference for the selection of tree shapes in the cultivation of ‘Yueguang’ and ‘Dongzao’.The results showed that the difference of bearing fruit branch length under different tree shape was not significant for each variety.The leaf morphology between open center shape and Y-shape, and the fruit nutritional indicators, such as vitamin C content, soluble sugar, titratable acid and soluble solids content, among three tree shape did not show significant difference in ‘Yueguang’,yet the single fruit weight reached the highest value of 8.65 g under open center shape.There was no obviously difference of leaf morphology and fruit vitamin C content, soluble sugar, titratable acid and soluble solids content.Under extension shoot shape, evacuation stratified shape, or improved open center shape in ‘Dongzao’.The single fruit weight of ‘Dongzao’ did not significantly vary from extension shoot shape to evacuation stratified shape.However, the fruit soluble solids content of ‘Dongzao’ under extension shoot shape was only 25.98% and significantly lower than that under evacuation stratified shape and improved open center shape.The comprehensive results demonstrated that the open center shape and evacuation stratified shape was suitable for ‘Yueguang’ and ‘Dongzao’,respectively.