中国食用菌出口特征、国际竞争力水平与贸易潜力分析

Analysis of Export Characteristics, International Competitiveness and Trade Potential of Edible Fungus Products in China

在中国推进“乡村振兴战略”建设形势下,后疫情时代如何提升食用菌出口竞争力,发展食用菌经济,对增加菇农收入具有重要意义。该研究整理了2008—2020年中国食用菌产品出口数据,总结了这13年中国食用菌出口贸易特征;并选用MS、TC、RCA、RSCA、TII和TCI指数,分析了中国食用菌国际竞争力水平与出口贸易潜力。结果表明:中国食用菌国际市场占有率稳居世界第一,其出口比较优势紧随波兰之后,在国际市场上具有极强的竞争优势;中国与泰国、越南、马来西亚、韩国食用菌贸易联系紧密,互补性较强,具有较大贸易潜力。基于上述分析,提出通过对接国际食用菌标准,突破技术壁垒;进行产品精深加工,提升出口附加值;开拓新兴市场,发展多元化出口市场;打造食用菌品牌,强化出口比较优势,以此提升中国食用菌国际竞争力与贸易潜力。

Under the situation that China promotes the construction of ‘rural revitalization strategy’,how to improve export competitiveness and develop the economy of edible fungus in the post-epidemic era is of great significance to increase mushroom farmers′ income.This study sorted out the export data of Edible fungi products in China from 2008 to 2020,and summarized the characteristics of export trade of edible fungi in China in these 13 years.MS,TC,RCA,RSCA,TII and TCI indices were used to analyze the international competitiveness level and export trade potential of Chinese edible fungi.The results showed that China′s market share of edible fungi was the first in the world, its export comparative advantage followed Poland, and it had a strong competitive advantage in the international market.The edible fungi trade between China and Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia and South Korea was closely linked, highly complementary and had great trade potential.Based on the above analysis, it was proposed to break through technical barriers by docking with international edible fungi standards.Intensive processing of products to increase export added value.Developing emerging markets and developing diversified export markets.Build edible fungus brand, strengthen export comparative advantage, so as to enhance the international competitiveness and trade potential of Chinese edible fungus.