2020年四川省流感疫苗费用政策对接种率的影响分析

Impact of influenza vaccine cost policy on vaccination rate of Sichuan Province in 2020

目的 分析四川省流感疫苗费用政策等因素对接种率的影响。方法 通过《四川省免疫规划信息管理系统》统计分析2020-09-01/2020-12-31四川省流感疫苗接种情况,通过全省186个县(区、市)级疾病预防控制中心免疫规划负责人填写的中国疾病预防控制中心设计的调查表格收集流感疫苗费用政策等情况。率的比较采用卡方检验,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2020年四川省流感疫苗接种率为4.20%。免费接种政策覆盖的目标人群接种率大于免费接种政策未覆盖的目标人群的接种率;疫苗费用报销比例高的地区接种率高于未实行报销政策的地区及报销比例低的地区的接种率;可预约的接种单位覆盖率越高的地区接种率越高;上述统计学检验结果显示差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。结论 2020年四川省流感疫苗接种率较低,免费接种政策、疫苗费用报销比例、接种单位服务能力可影响接种率,应采取综合性措施积极提高流感疫苗接种率。

Objective To investigate the impact of influenza vaccine cost policy and other factors on vaccination rate in Sichuan Province. Methods According to the Sichuan Vaccine Information Management System, influenza vaccine data from September 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 were collected and analyzed statistically.Vaccine fee policy and other information were collected through a survey form designed by the Chinese CDC, which was filled in by the heads of immunization programs at the 186 county(district, city) CDC. Chi-square test was used to compare the rates,test level was α=0.05. Results The total influenza vaccination rate was 4.20% in Sichuan Province.The vaccination rate of the target population covered by the free vaccination policy was higher than that of the target population not covered by the free vaccination policy. The vaccination rate in regions with a high proportion of vaccine reimbursement was higher than that in regions without reimbursement policies and regions with a low reimbursement ratio. The higher the coverage rate of vaccination units available by appointment had higher vaccination rates. The above statistical tests showed that the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001). Conclusions The 2020 influenza vaccination rate is relatively low in Sichuan province. The free vaccination policy, the reimbursement ratio of vaccine expenses,and the service capacity of the vaccination unit can affect the vaccination rate, so comprehensive measures should be taken to actively increase the influenza vaccination rate.