不同血清学方法在奶山羊布鲁氏菌病诊断中的比较分析

Comparison and Analysis of Different Serological Testing Methods in Diagnoses of Dairy Goat Brucellosis

布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)是一种危害畜牧业的主要人兽共患传染病,为了选择适合基层奶山羊布病监测净化实际的快捷准确血清学检测方法,以便基层做好布病监测和净化工作。采用虎红平板凝集试验(RBT)、免疫胶体金层析试验(GICA)、间接酶联免疫吸附试验(i-ELISA)、试管凝集试验(SAT)、竞争酶联免疫吸附试验(c-ELISA)对479份奶山羊血清样品进行布病检测,分析、评价不同检测方法的敏感性、特异性、符合率、Kappa值等指标。以SAT作为判定标准,c-ELISA的敏感性、特异性、符合率、假阳性率、假阴性率及Kappa检验一致性均为最好;GICA的特异性、假阳性率和符合率最差,敏感性较高;i-ELISA敏感性最差,但符合率均在95%以上,Kappa值均≥0.75,一致性较为理想。5种检测方法在奶山羊布病诊断中均有重要价值,各检测方法在敏感性、特异性、操作便捷程度、成本及检测条件要求等各方面都有优缺点。因此,基层奶山羊布病监测净化过程中对于诊断方法的选择,要结合工作实际,推荐RBT或GICA初筛,c-ELISA复核确诊,通过2种及以上方法联合诊断较为理想。

Brucellosis is a major zoonotic infectious disease that harms animal husbandry.In order to select a fast and accurate serological detection method suitable for brucellosis monitoring and purification of dairy goats brucellosis at grass-roots,479 serum samples were detected by rose bengal plate agglutination test(RBT),gold immunochromatography assay(GICA),indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(i-ELISA),serum agglutination test(SAT)and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(c-ELISA).The sensitivity,specificity,consistency,Kappa value and other indicators of the five assays were analyzed and evaluated.Compared with SAT,the sensitivity,specificity,coincidence rate,false positive rate,false negative rate and Kappa consistency of c-ELISA were the best.The specificity,false positive rate and coincidence rate of GICA were the worst,and the sensitivity of i-ELISA was the worst,but the coincidence rate of the five assays were above 95%,and the Kappa value≥0.75,indicating a good consistency.The five methods including RBT,GICA,i-ELISA,SAT and c-ELISA are of great value in the diagnosis of brucellosis in dairy goats.Each method has advantages and disadvantages in sensitivity,specificity,convenience of operation,cost and requirements of detection conditions.Therefore,appropriate test methods should be selected for diagnosis of brucellosis according to actual situation,in the process of monitoring and purification of dairy goat brucellosis at grass-roots.It was suggested that,RBT or GICA was used for preliminary screening and c-ELISA was used for re-inspection.It was better to choose more than two tests for combined diagnosis.