成都新津宝墩西汉墓出土“羌眇君”印考

A reasearch on the seal ’Qiang Miao Jun’found in Western Han tomb of Baodun Site in Xinjin District,Sichuan Province

“羌眇君”印是西汉政府颁发给犍为郡武阳县一带羌族首领的官印,从印的形制与出土文献来看,“羌眇君”的等级在百石一级,与乡有秩相当,职责应该是对部众的日常管理。西汉时已经设立郡县直接管辖的区域,其中少数民族首领印的印文不冠以“汉”字,至新莽时冠以“新”字。汉代少数民族首领的“君”等级不高,如参与军事活动,等级会随军职相应提高,但仍以“君”为名号。“羌眇君”墓以汉式礼仪下葬,是汉代少数民族治理政策的体现,也是西南地区开发与民族融合的重要见证。

The seal of An Interpretation to the Seal Marked with'芜君was ssuedby the Western Han government to Qiang leader in Wuyang Xian,Qianwei Jun.Judging from the shape of the seal and documents unearthed,the annual official salary of An Interpretation to the Seal Marked with羌君'could be yibaidan,which is equivalent to the rank of Xiangyouzhi,and its obligation ought to be the daily management of the tribe.Where prefectures and counties were established and under the direct jurisdiction of the central govermment during the Western Han Dynasty,the seals of minority leaders did not have the character"Han",and it was not until the Xinmang period that the character"Xin"was used.In Han Dynasty,the rank of"Jun"of minority leaders was not high.If leaders participated in military activities,the rank would be increased accordingly with their military positions,yet they were still calledJun".The tomb of An Interpretation to the Seal Marked with羌君'was buried in Han funeral,which not only reflects minority governance policy in Han Dynasty,but also is an important witness to the developmentand ethnic integrationof Southwest China.