杨吴时期的扬州城

The Yangzhou City of Five Dynasties Yang-Wu Kingdom

敦煌文书《诸山圣迹志》和《南唐书》中与杨吴时期扬州城形制布局、杨吴宫署积庆宫相关的记载弥足珍贵。本文结合扬州蜀岗古代城址、唐罗城考古发掘结果和文献资料,梳理了扬州城遗址中杨吴时期相关城建遗迹、“白沙窑”“迎銮”“官”等戳印文字砖瓦建筑构件等的特征,认为杨行密时期开始将扬州城作为都城营建而大规模修缮,相关营建工程一直延续到杨吴后主时期;杨吴时期的扬州城是杨吴和南唐等割据政权的都城或东都,沿袭了唐扬州城由子城和罗城“联蜀岗上下以为城”的双城格局,罗城内有“十字江水穿过”,承继了唐扬州城因河而市、因市而城、城河一体、城门较多、河道纵横、桥梁甚多等特征;推测位于蜀岗古城南城门(杨吴天兴门)至子城东南角之间以南地带(即桑树脚)的晚唐五代时期大型建筑基址群,或与杨吴时期宫署积庆宫(南唐崇道宫)相关。

In Dunhuang manuscripts s.529 the Journal of Holy Miracles of the Mountains and the Book of Southern Tang,there were precious records about the layout of Yangzhou,and the details of积庆宫(Jiqing Palace)during the Yang-Wu Kingdom.Through a comprehensive citation of the archaeological findings of ancient sites on Shugang and Tang Luocheng(i.e.the outer city),as well as document,the paper sorts out the remains of the construction sites related to Yang-Wu Yangzhou,identifies the features of relevant building components,such as the bricks and tiles impressed with Chinese characters“白沙窑(baisha kiln)","迎銮(literally welcoming theimperial carriage)","官(ofice)",etc.,and concludes that during the ruling of Yang Xingmi杨行密,first king of Yang-Wu,Yangzhou underwent a large-scale construction,as it was upgraded to the imperial capital.And the great bustle of masons and carpenters continued until the rein of the last king.During the period of locality separatist power Yang-Wu and Southern Tang,Yangzhou has long served as the capital or eastern capital.It took over the overall layout of Tang Yangzhou,namely a closely-interacted twin-city,with zicheng(i.e.the palace city)over the elevated Shugang and luocheng below.Inside the luocheng,there were intersected rivers flowing by.Resembling the Tang Yangzhou,the Yang-Wu Yangzhou again thrived with markets for the network of rivers.And the prosperous markets boosted the rise of the city.The city and the rivers within were an inseparable whole.Moreover,densely covered waterways contributed to the numerous gates and bridges.In addition,the group of spacious construction sites,dating back to late Tang and Five Dynasties period,located somewhere to the south of the South Gate(presumed to be Yang-Wu Tianxing Gate)and the southeast corner of zicheng(namely桑树脚Sanshujiao),is very likely to be related to the Yang-Wu Jiqing Palace(known as崇道宫Chongdao Palace during the Southerm Tang period).