徐州拉犁山汉墓M1出土动物遗存及相关问题探讨

A Discussion on Animal Remains from M1 of Lalishan Tomb in Xuzhou and Related Issues

本文是徐州地区汉代墓葬的首次动物考古学研究。通过对徐州拉犁山汉墓M1出土动物遗存进行种属鉴定、数量统计、部位与年龄观察以及性质判断,并结合徐州两汉时期其他贵族墓随葬动物和其他地区汉代墓葬动物鉴定报告的梳理,推测拉犁山M1出土野生动物较多可能与墓葬等级较高存在相关性;随葬动物可能是作为肉食献给墓主,并显示墓主对财富和资源的占有。将汉代墓葬出土动物与汉代图像、文物和文献记载中所反映的汉代社会生活中动物利用的情况结合观察,可知拉犁山汉墓中动物的随葬与墓主较高的社会等级以及当时社会上层的肉食风尚相匹配,也体现了汉代“事死如事生”的丧葬观念和礼俗。

This paper is the first study on zooarchaeology of Han Dynasty tomb in Xuzhou.Based on the species identification,quantitative statistics,observation of body parts and age and nature judgment of animal remains unearthed from the M1 Han tomb in Lalishan,Xuzhou,and combined with the identification reports of the animals buried in other tombs of elites in the Han Dynasty and the Han Dynasty Tombs in other areas,it is speculated that there are more wild animals unearthed from the M1 in lalishan,which may has a correlation with the high hierarchy of this tomb;animals may buried as meat for and to show the wealth and resources of the owner of the tomb.Combining the animals unearthed from the tombs of the Han Dynasty with the utilization of animals in the social life of the Han Dynasty reflected in the images,cultural relics and literature records of the Han Dynasty,it can be seen that the burial of animals in the Han Tomb of lalishan matched the higher social level of the tomb owner and the meat eating custom of the upper class of the society at that time,and also reflected the funeral concept and customs of "death is like life " in the Han Dynasty.