新形势下红拳传承危机及破解

The Crisis of Hongquan Inheritance and Its Solution in the New Situation

“体育”角度界定传统武术会消减其意义与文化价值.在武术体育化的转向下,红拳的技击本真被套路演练取代,传承也由“精英”走向“大众”.历史上,红拳高师以“访师研拳”“武不轻传”践行其技艺追求与传承,精英弟子不乏其人.然而,流于套路、形式的传承则没有了往昔的特色,精英难觅,传承出现了一定的危机,为此红拳从赛事入手,推进与现代武术套路比赛的接轨,以赛促传,缓解了危机,但危机仍在.传承分裂、“接续”问题,成为新形势下红拳传承与发展的主要危机,其症结部分在于青年继承乏力.力行练打并行,做精红拳本色精英赛事;形成红拳队员梯度选拔机制、着力青年精英打造,可一定程度上破解现下接续危机.

Defining traditional martial arts from the perspective of“sports”will diminish its significance and cultural value.In the transformation of martial arts into sports,the original skill of Hongquan is replaced by set pattern drills,and the inheritors are also changed from the“elite”to the“public”,losing its prosperity of the past and facing crisis.Historically,accomplished teachers of Hongquan pursued the practice of“visiting teachers to study boxing”and“Martial arts are not easily taught”in carrying forward their skills,and there emerged many elite disciples.However,when its inheritance became a mere formality,Hongquan lost its characteristics and spirit and began to decline because elites were hard to find.In the crisis of inheritance,Hongquan started with the competition and promoted the spread of Hongquan by integrating it with the modern martial arts routine competition,alleviating the crisis.However,there still exist the problems of inheritance split and“continuity”,which have become the main crisis of Hongquan in its inheritance and development.The crux partly lies in the lack of of young inheritors.Therefore,focusing on the preparation of young elite inheritors can solve the current succession crisis to a certain extent by combining actual combat with exercise,organizing elite competitions of Hongquan and forming a gradient selection mechanism.