查尔斯·赖特的“场景诗学”

On Charles Wright’s “Poetics of Landscape”

美国当代诗人查尔斯·赖特意欲以“场景”构建起一套个性化的诗学体系。他将场景分为“外在场景”和“内在场景”,“外在场景”是物理性场景,包括地方、场所、人、动植物以及其他任何可感知的客观事物;“内在场景”是精神性场景,包含人的精神、意志、智慧、思想、宗教、经验等。二者相互关联,“外在场景”的创造是为了再造让人舒适自在的“内在场景”。场景既是赖特诗歌恒定的主题,也是他诗歌创作赖以利用的手段:场景是情感转换的载体,诠释着具有主体地位的万物的物性,释放着严肃而神秘的精神力。

American contemporary poet Charles Wright intends to build up a peculiar poetics based upon “landscape”. The term “landscape” is connotative as well as controversial. He classifies landscape into two kinds, namely, exterior landscape and interior landscape. The exterior is physical, including places, lands, men, animals, plants, and all the other perceptible objects. The interior is mostly mental, including man’s wills, minds, wisdoms, thoughts, religions, and experience etc. The two landscapes are closely interrelated. The creation of exterior landscape serves for recreating interior landsape in which one feels comfortable. Landscape functions on one hand as the constant theme of Wright’s poetry, and on the other as the means by which Wright writes poems. Landscape is a vehicle for expressing feelings, conveying the idea that maternal objects’ physicalness enjoys equal status with man’s humanity, and releasing divine and transcendental spirituality.