司各特的文类辩证法--苏格兰帝国罗曼司的生成与逆写

Scott’s Dialectics of Genre: The Rise and Fall of the Imperial Romance

本文以司各特的威弗莱苏格兰题材系列小说为分析对象,挖掘其中从殖民主义到反殖民主义的文类辩证法,探讨其作为帝国罗曼司体裁由生成到衰落的发展过程。在这一过程中,苏格兰帝国罗曼司经历了三个阶段:民族故事的史前史阶段、宗主国神话的鼎盛时期以及反思帝国小说的逆写阶段。在逆写帝国的初次尝试中,司各特首发反思殖民主义文化内涵之先声。然而,他的反思仍带有西方中心主义色彩,反殖民主义的文类变奏曲最终只能由后殖民小说家谱写。

Focusing on Scott’s Waverley novels set in Scotland, this paper observes the genre’s dialectics from colonialism to anticolonialism in Scott’s Scottish novels, discussing the rise and fall of Scott’s Scottish novels as the genre of imperial romance. Thus, in this process Scott’s imperial romance has witnessed the prehistory of the national tale and the canonization of the metropolitan mythology and finally starts its initial attempt to write back the empire. However, Scott’s reflection on colonialism is still contaminated with unconscious Eurocentrism. Eventually, the genre variations of anticolonialism could only be made by postcolonial novelists.