审美代偿:日本五山诗歌中的“缺席”书写

Aesthetic Compensation: “Absence” Writing in Japanese Five-Mountain Poetry

“缺席”,是指诗中所咏之物“应在而未在”的一种特殊状态。“缺席”书写兴于中国,并盛行于日本。日本五山诗人对缺席之物表现出高度关注,既有日本民族性格的原因,禅宗背景也起了推波助澜的作用。此外,缺席书写还揭示了“审美代偿”的特殊心理,体现出日本文学的重要特质。

“Absence” refers to a special state in which the thing in the poem “should be there but is not there”. “Absence” writing originated in China and prevails in Japan. The Japanese Five-Mountain poets showed great concern for the absent things, which was not only caused by the Japanese national character, but also promoted by the Zen background. In addition, “Absence” writing also reveals the special psychology of “Aesthetic Compensation”, which reflects the important characteristics of Japanese literature.