156例产妇发生早产的影响因素分析

Analysis of the influencing factors of premature delivery in 156 puerperae

目的探讨产妇发生早产的影响因素。方法选取156例早产产妇为研究组,选取同期收治的156例足月产妇为对照组。调查两组产妇的基本资料、病史、合并症(妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病等),分析产妇发生早产的影响因素。结果两组产妇在年龄、妊娠期并发症发生情况、病史、孕期生殖道感染发生情况、有无吸烟习惯、体质量指数方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥35岁、合并妊娠期高血压疾病、妊娠期糖尿病、胎膜早破、孕期生殖道感染、有吸烟习惯、体质量指数≤18 kg/m^(2)是产妇发生早产的影响因素(P<0.05)。研究组新生儿并发症发生率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论年龄≥35岁、合并妊娠期并发症、胎膜早破、孕期生殖道感染、有吸烟习惯、体质量指数≤18 kg/m^(2)等是产妇发生早产的影响因素。建议针对产妇发生早产的相关因素,有效加以防控,并结合产妇的实际情况,评估早产风险,对于存在早产高危因素的产妇,重点进行监护,并加强孕期保健,以降低早产风险,改善其分娩结局。

Objective To explore the influencing factors of premature delivery in puerperae.Methods A total of 156 puerpera of premature delivery were selected as the research group,and 156 puerpera of full-term maternity who were treated at the same time were selected as the control group.The basic data,medical history,comorbidities(gestational hypertension,gestational diabetes mellitus,etc.)of the two groups of puerperae were investigated,and the influencing factors of premature delivery in puerperae were analyzed.Results There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age,occurrence of complications during pregnancy,medical history,occurrence of reproductive tract infection during pregnancy,smoking habit,and body mass index(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥35 years old,combined with gestational hypertension,gestational diabetes,premature rupture of membranes,reproductive tract infection during pregnancy,smoking habit,and body mass index≤18 kg/m^(2)were the influenceing factors of premature delivery in puerperae(P<<0.05).The incidence of neonatal complications in the study group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Age≥35 years old,complicated pregnancy complications,premature rupture of membranes,reproductive tract infection during pregnancy,smoking habits,body mass index≤18 kg/m^(2),etc.are the influencing factors of premature delivery in puerperae.It is recommended to efectively prevent and control the related factors of preterm birth in puerperae,and evaluate the risk of preterm birth based on the actual situation of the puerpera.For the puerperae with high risk factors of preterm birth,focus on monitoring and strengthen pregnancy health care to reduce the risk of preterm birth and improve their delivery.ending.