引起糖尿病急诊患者低血糖的相关因素临床分析

Clinical Analysis of Related Factors Causing Hypoglycemia in Emergency Pa⁃tients with Diabetes

目的 探讨引起糖尿病患者急诊低血糖的相关因素。方法 收集2018年1月—2020年12月南通市老年康复医院62例低血糖的糖尿病患者资料,作为低血糖组,并选取同期糖尿病(无低血糖)患者62例,作为非低血糖组,比较两组相关因素的差异。结果 低血糖组体质指数<24 kg/m~2占比48.39%、年龄≥70岁占比79.03%、病程≥20年占比51.61%、并发症占比80.65%、低血糖认知错误占比41.94%、运动不科学占比50.00%、肾功能减退占比72.58%、饮食不平衡占比41.94%、降糖药依从性差占比43.55%、农村患者占比46.77%,高于非低血糖组的17.74%、32.26%、32.26%、53.23%、19.35%、17.74%、32.26%、12.90%、19.35%、17.74%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,糖尿病患者并发低血糖的影响因素为年龄≥70岁(OR=6.947,95%CI:1.604~19.454)、低血糖认知错误(OR=6.428,95%CI:1.560~20.217)、降糖药依从性差(OR=4.352,95%CI:1.221~18.543)、肾功能减退(OR=3.445,95%CI:1.165~17.338)、运动不科学(OR=3.054,95%CI:1.332~16.245)。结论 糖尿病患者并发低血糖的因素包括年龄≥70岁、低血糖认知错误、降糖药依从性差、肾功能减退,运动不科学,需要急救抢救,并以影响因素为依据制订预防措施降低急诊低血糖的发生。

Objective To investigate the related factors of emergency hypoglycemia in diabetic patients.Methods The data of 62 diabetic patients with hypoglycemia from January 2018 to December 2020 in Nantong Geriatric Rehabilitation Hospital were collected as the hypoglycemia group.And 62 patients with diabetes(without hypoglycemia)during the same period were selected as the non-hypoglycemia group.Compared the differences in related factors between the two groups.Results In the hypoglycemia group,BMI<24.00 kg/m2 accounted for 48.39%,age≥70 years old accounted for 79.03%,disease duration≥20 years accounted for 51.61%,complications accounted for 80.65%,and hypoglycemia cognitive errors accounted for 41.94%,unscientific exercise accounted for 50.00%,renal dysfunction accounted for 72.58%,unbalanced diet accounted for 41.94%,poor compliance with hypoglycemic drugs accounted for 43.55%,and rural patients accounted for 46.77%,which were higher than 17.74%,32.26%,32.26%,53.23%,19.35%,17.74%,32.26%,12.90%,19.35%,17.74%of the non-hypoglycemia group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis of factors affecting hypoglycemia:age≥70 years old(OR=6.947,95%CI:1.604-19.454),errors of awareness of hypoglycemia(OR=6.428,95%CI:1.560-20.217),compliance with hypoglycemic drugs poor sex(OR=4.352,95%CI:1.221-18.543),decreased renal function(OR=3.445,95%CI:1.165-17.338),unscientific exercise(OR=3.054,95%CI:1.332-16.245).Conclusion The factors in diabetic patients complicated with hypoglycemia,including age≥70 years old,errors of awareness of hypoglycemia,poor compliance with hypoglycemic drugs,decreased renal function,unscientific exercise,etc.First aid is needed,and based on the relevant factors,preventive measures to reduce the occurrence of emergency hypoglycemia is formulated.