中国单身经济研究——基于人口普查和全国代表性抽样调查数据的分析

A Research on China Bachelordom Economy——An Analysis based on Both the Census Data and National Representative Sample Survey Data

基于1982—2020年历次人口普查数据资料和2017年中国综合社会调查数据,从人口、就业、收入和消费等维度,全面系统分析了影响我国单身经济发展的单身群体人口社会学和人口经济学特征。分析发现:未婚比例增加是推动单身人群规模增加的关键因素;单身人群的独居比例提高,未婚独居人群呈现男性化和年轻化趋势;单身人群的有工作比例低于有配偶人群,单身男性收入水平明显低于有配偶男性;单身人群消费水平更高,单身独居人群消费的个人本位、超前消费和规模不经济特征突出。研究认为,尽管单身人群规模持续扩张、单身人群消费水平更高,但受制于单身人群的更低有工作比例和更低收入水平,单身经济高质量发展仍面临诸多制约与挑战。

Based on the data of the previous population census from 1982 to 2020 and the data of China Comprehensive Social Survey in 2017,the characteristics of single population groups that affect the development of single economy in China are comprehensively and systematically analyzed from the dimensions of population,employment,income and consumption.The analysis shows that the most important factor of the increase of the single population is that the delay of first marriage or the increased proportion of single people.The percentage of living alone for single population is increased while the group are consist of more young population and male population.The percentage of single population employed is lower than that of population with spouses.The income level of single male population is significantly lower than those with spouse and the single population have higher consumption level.According to the study,although the expansion of single population continues and the higher consumption level of single population continues,the high-quality development of bachelordom economy still faces many constraints and challenges due to the lower proportion of being employed and the lower income level of single population.