河南省先天性唇腭裂监测结果分析

Analysis of congenital cleft lip and palate surveillance results in Henan province

目的 探讨河南省先天性唇腭裂的发生状况、影响因素及有效的干预措施。方法 选择河南省2018年1月至2019年12月在各分娩机构分娩的围生儿及<28周治疗性引产儿进行监测。结果 2018年和2019年河南省先天性唇腭裂总发生率分别为5.6/万和4.3/万。男性单纯唇裂、唇裂合并腭裂发病率均高于女性,而腭裂发病男性低于女性;唇裂合并腭裂的产前超声诊断率远高于单纯唇裂及单纯腭裂;单纯腭裂引产率最低。结论 性别、母亲高龄、文化程度低以及多次孕产史可能是先天性唇腭裂发生的危险因素,因此积极宣传优生优育、加强病因预防是减少先天性唇腭裂发生的有效手段。

Objective To investigate the occurrence status, influencing factors and effective interventions of congenital cleft lip and palate in Henan province. Methods Perinatal and <28 week therapeutically induced infants delivered in various delivery facilities in Henan province from January 2018 to December 2019 were selected for monitoring. Results The total incidence of congenital cleft lip and palate in Henan province was 5.6 per 10000 and 4.3 per 10000 in 2018 and 2019,respectively. The incidence of simple cleft lip and cleft lip combined with cleft plate was higher in men than in women, while the incidence of cleft palate was lower in men than in women. The prenatal ultrasound diagnosis rate of cleft lip combined with cleft palate was much higher than that of cleft lip alone and cleft palate alone. Cleft plate alone had the lowest rate of induction of labor. Conclusion Gender, advanced maternal age, low literacy and a history of multiple births may be the risk factors for the occurrence of congenital cleft lip and palate. So active promotion of eugenics and prevention of the cause is an effective means to reduce the occurrence of congenital cleft lip and palate.