莎剧汉译中的双关语处理研究:机制、方法与难点

Pun Translation in Shakespeare's Plays:Mechanism,Approach and Dilemma

莎剧中大量使用双关语,为译者跨语际转换带来困难。基于希尔的双关三要素模型,我们发现傅译《威尼斯商人》中双关语的对应铰链仅存一处,其他大部分都采用补偿译法,同时辅以详细注释。傅译本大量使用注释,为读者提供了认识双关语的交际线索,弥补了双关语语用效果的损失,也帮助读者理解剧作内涵,营造莎剧创作的本土历史文化语境。虽如此,莎剧中双关语的汉译仍然存在诸多难点,需要译者在注释方面多加笔墨,为读者的跨文化理解搭建时空通道。

Shakespeare uses puns wherever possible in his plays,which has posed difficulties in interlingual practices.The analysis of Fu Guangming's translation of The Merchant of Venice,in the light of the three-element-model of puns proposed by Hill Archibald,discovers that only one among all the puns found an equivalent hedge in the target text,and in most of the other cases,the compensatory method is used,with an annotation for each case.Annotations in the translation provide communicative clues for readers to realize the existence of puns and make up for the pragmatic loss incurred.The annotations also help readers to understand the play and recreate a world similar to that of puns in Shakespeare's time.However,dilemmas still exist in the translation of puns in Shakespeare's plays into Chinese,which calls for annotations provided by the translator to help readers'intercultural understanding by connecting them with the plays temporally and spatially.