傅译莎剧《哈姆雷特》与艾略特《荒原》“52条”:进入莎士比亚的另一种方式

A Comparative Study of Fu Guangming's Translation of Shakespeare's Hamlet and Eliot's Annotations to The Waste Land

傅光明莎士比亚诗剧译本已成为近年来莎剧汉译的现象级事件,其重要贡献之一即唤起人们对于莎剧背后复杂的西方文学文化传统的重视。以《哈姆雷特》译本为例,其注释与艾略特《荒原》自注52条呈现出高度的同质性与同构性,体现出译者对原作文化背景的精准把握,而莎士比亚恰是艾略特敬重并高频引用的诗人,《荒原》之晦涩难懂及艾略特对于“传统”之强调无疑挑战了我们对莎士比亚的通俗化理解。傅译亦通过导言等“再注释”方式,从莎士比亚所处时代出发解释人物行为的动机,深入阐释莎剧的基督教文化背景,为哈姆雷特“复仇”提出不同于前人的见解,在国内《哈姆雷特》研究中亦属首创。

The translation of Shakespeare's plays by Fu Guangming has become a phenomenon in the English-Chinese translation field in recent years.One of its important contributions is to arouse people's attention to the complex Western literary and cultural traditions behind Shakespeare's plays.Take the translation of Hamlet as an example.Its annotations and 52 self-notes of Eliot's The Waste Land show a high degree of homogeneity reflecting the translator's accurate grasp of the cultural background of the original work,and Shakespeare is just the poet Eliot respected and cited frequently.The obscurity of The Waste Land and Eliot's emphasis on“tradition”undoubtedly challenge our popular understanding of Shakespeare.By means of“re-annotation”such as introduction,Fu interprets the motives of the characters'behaviors from the era of Shakespeare,deeply explains the Christian cultural background of Shakespeare's plays,and puts forward different opinions for Hamlet's“revenge”,which is also the first in the study of Hamlet in China.