高能转子轮盘包容机理和包容环结构优化

Containment Mechanism and Structural Optimization Research for Disk Containment of High-Energy Rotor

为研究高能转子轮盘的包容机理,加工了预制裂纹的试验轮盘,在高速旋转试验台上进行高能转子轮盘的包容性试验,采用非线性显式动力学商用软件对高能转子包容性进行数值仿真。试验结果和仿真分析结果表明,轮盘碎片与包容壳撞击后,撞击区域和边缘材料分别受压缩和剪切作用,如果局部的穿孔失效没有发生,则碎片是否逃逸由壳体材料撞击区和延伸区域的拉伸应变能决定。以某空气涡轮起动机为例,讨论了轮盘包容环厚度与选材,证明了以1.15倍临界包容厚度值作为安全系数确定工程许用包容环厚度的设计方法,通过比较不同材料包容环的包容能力,得出用高极限强度和高延伸率的材料作为包容环材料能够实现明显减重。研究结果对高能转子轮盘的包容结构设计具有指导意义。

In order to study the mechanism for disk containment of high-energy rotor,with test rotor manufactured with precast cracks,containment tests are carried out using a high-speed spin tester,and the nonlinear explicit dynamics commercial software is used to simulate the containment process of the highenergy rotor.It is found that the impacted area and the edge material in the containment case are compressed and sheared respectively after the impact of the disk fragments by test and simulation results.If the local perforation failure does not occur,the penetration of the fragment is determined by the tensile strain energy of the impacted area and the circumferential extension of the case.Then taking some turbine starter disk an example,the thickness and material analysis of the containment ring are discussed.The design method of determining the allowable thickness of the containment ring by the critical containment thickness 1.15 times of the safety factor is proved.By comparing the containment capacity of different materials,it is concluded that using higher ultimate strength and elongation material to achieve significant weight reduction.This study has some significance to the design of the containment structure of the high energy rotor.