2022年夏季海洋天气评述

Summer 2022 marine weather review

2022年夏季(6—8月)大气环流特征为:北半球极涡呈单极型分布,中高纬度西风带呈3波型分布,欧亚大陆为“两槽一脊”的环流型。6月,副热带高压偏南、偏强,不利于热带气旋生成;7—8月副热带高压北抬西伸,热带气旋开始活跃并影响我国近海。我国近海有18次8级以上大风过程,其中热带气旋过程大风有5次,5次由入海温带气旋造成,7次为雷暴大风,另外1次由冷空气过程引起。我国北方海域多海雾天气,出现5次明显的海雾过程,其中6月出现4次,7月出现1次。发生14次2.0 m以上的大浪过程,6月出现6次,7月出现4次,8月出现4次。西北太平洋和南海共有9个热带气旋命名,比多年平均偏少2.6个;其他各大洋共有11个命名热带气旋生成,分别为:北大西洋3个、东太平洋8个。

The main characteristics of the general atmospheric circulation in summer(from June to August)2022 are as follows:the polar vortex is characterized by a single pattern in the Northern Hemisphere;the westerlies in middle and high latitudes present a three-wave mode;the circulation in Eurasian shows a two-trough and one-ridge pattern.In June,the subtropical high is stronger and lies southward,which is not in favor of tropical cyclone genesis;while in July and August,the subtropical high stretches northward and westward and tropical cyclones start to be active and impact offshore areas of China.There are 18 gale events stronger than 8 grade,including 5 produced by tropical cyclones,5 by extratropical cyclones,7 by thunderstorms,and one by cold air.There are many sea fog activities in the northern sea areas of China and 5 massive sea fog events occur over offshore areas of China,including 4 in June and one in July.Fourteen rough sea wave events above 2.0 m occur,including 6 in June,4 in July,and 4 in August.There are 9 tropical cyclones nominated over western North Pacific and the South China Sea,which is 2.6 less than the previous average;there are 11 tropical cyclones over global oceans except western North Pacific and the South China Sea,including three over the North Atlantic and 8 over the East Pacific.