数字身份的多元面向及其法律保护

Diverse Aspects of Digital Identity and Its Legal Protection

数字身份是指以数字化方式呈现的身份。基于身份观念的复杂性,数字身份具有身份识别、身份认同和数字化身的多元面向。在身份识别面向上,需要对静态意义上的可信数字身份进行法律保护。在身份认同面向上,需要对个人数字化的社会镜像,即动态数字身份进行法律保护。数字化身则提供了一种看待数字身份的综合性面向。基于现实主体和数字化身交互关系的差异,数字化身有着不同的法律属性和规范内容。个人数字身份法律保护的重心是对数字环境下人的身份建构的自主性和完整性的保护,但在具体保护路径上,还须结合数字身份的不同面向予以规范整合和体系性回应。

Digital identity refers to an identity that is presented in a digital way.Due to the complexity of identity concept,digital identity has multiple aspects of identification,recognition,and digital avatar.In the aspect of identification,it is necessary to protect the static digital identity,which also means reliable digital identity.In the aspect of identity recognition,it is necessary to protect the digital social image of individuals,which also means dynamic digital identity.Digital avatar provides a comprehensive perspective on digital identity.Based on the differences in the interaction between real subjects and digital avatars,digital avatars have different legal attributes and normative contents.The cornerstone of legal protection of personal digital identity is the protection of the autonomy and integrity of the personal identity in the digital environment.However,in terms of specific protection paths,it is also necessary to combine different aspects of digital identity for normative integration and systematic response.