全国统一大市场构建的突出问题与破解思路

Some Prominent Issues in the Construction of a Unified National Market and Solutions

构建全国统一大市场既是完善现代化经济体系的前提,又是高质量发展的基础,对我国实现长期经济增长和建设社会主义现代化强国具有重要意义。在统一大市场构建过程中存在一些突出问题:进入退出有壁垒、主体地位有层级、规则标准有差异、市场秩序有紊乱、基础设施有短板、公共配套有区别、监管体系有错位、激励协调有漏洞。造成这些问题的根本原因在于政府与市场职能错位。因此,要破解这些问题,关键在于使政府和市场职能归位。一方面,“做对价格”,让市场在资源配置中发挥决定性作用;另一方面,“做对激励”,让政府提供更加有效的公共服务。

The construction of a unified national market is both a prerequisite for a modernized economic system and a basis for high-quality development,which is of great significance to China’s long-term economic growth.Based on the existing literature,this paper reviews some of the prominent issues in the construction of a unified market,namely,barriers to entry and exit,unequal status of market entities,differentiated rules and standards,market disorder,inadequate infrastructure,differentiated public services,misaligned regulatory system,and flawed incentive coordination.The root cause of these problems is that the government and market functions are misaligned.Therefore,to address these issues,the focus is on making the government and market functions back to the right place.On the one hand,“make the right price,”so that the market plays a decisive role in resource allocation;on the other hand,“make the right incentive,”so that the government provides more effective public services.