如何促进易地扶贫搬迁户的社会融入--基于社交距离视角的分析

How to Promote the Social Integration of Displaced Households in Poverty Alleviation Resettlement Program:An Analysis Based on the Perspective of Social Distance

基于2019年8省16县易地扶贫搬迁户的微观调查数据,实证分析了社交距离对搬迁户社会融入的影响。研究结果表明,社交距离是影响搬迁户在迁入地社会融入程度的重要因素,物理距离、心理距离、受偏见程度均对社会融入有显著的负向影响且结果较为稳健。进一步的研究发现,社交距离对社会融入的影响存在异质性,不同的安置方式和安置位置影响不同,社交距离越大,对分散安置户和城镇安置户社会融入的阻碍作用越大。因此,社会融入的提升需要不断促进搬迁户与原居民的交往和互动,通过举办文化娱乐活动、相亲活动等形式,推动搬迁户与原居民有效交往,消除搬迁户与原居民间的心理隔阂;努力为搬迁户营造公平、公正的生活环境,尽可能消除原居民对搬迁后的歧视与偏见,避免双方因利益纠纷而发生矛盾。

Based on the micro-survey data of displaced households in poverty alleviation resettlement program in 16 counties in 8 provinces in 2019,this paper analyzed the impact of social distance on the social integration of displaced households theoretically and empirically.The research results showed that social distance is an important factor affecting the degree of social integration of displaced households in the place where they move in.Physical distance,psychological distance,and the degree of prejudice all have a significant negative impact on social integration,and the results are relatively stable;social distance has a significant impact on social integration.There is a certain heterogeneity in the impact of different resettlement methods and resettlement locations,and the increase of social distance has a greater hindering effect on social integration for scattered resettlement households and urban resettlement households.Therefore,to improve social integration,it is necessary to continuously promote the communication and interaction between the displaced households and the original residents,and promote the effective communication between the relocated households and the original residents by holding cultural and recreational activities,blind date activities,etc.,and eliminate the psychological barrier between the displaced households and the original residents.In addition,efforts should be made to create a fair and just living environment for the displaced households,to eliminate the discrimination and prejudice of the original residents after the relocation as much as possible,and to avoid conflicts between the two parties due to disputes over interests.