通气孔育苗盘对育苗关键期烟苗生长发育和生理生化指标的影响

Effects of New Ventilated Seedling Trays on Growth,Development,Physiological and Biochemical Indictors of Tobacco Seedlings at Critical Rearing Stage

为改善烟苗生长环境,提高烟苗素质,对现有常规160孔育苗盘(CK)进行优化改进,设计出2种(T_(1):160孔凸底和T_(2):160孔平底)新型通气孔育苗盘开展育苗试验,并分析了通气孔育苗盘对育苗关键期烟苗生长发育和生理生化指标的影响。结果表明:(1)改进的2种通气孔育苗盘对烟苗生育期无影响;(2)通气孔育苗盘明显促进了后期烟苗的根系生长和生物量积累,在成苗期(6叶1心)T_(1)和T_(2)处理所育烟苗地下部干重、鲜重、根体积和表面积均显著高于CK,根干鲜重提高了42.90%~84.62%,根体积提高了35.29%~70.59%,根表面积提高了53.52%~80.89%;(3)通气孔育苗盘T_(1)和T_(2)处理所育烟苗在成苗期(6叶1心)的POD活性较CK分别提高了104.80%、202.75%,CAT活性分别提高了513.43%、707.20%,淀粉酶活性分别提高了45.43%、107.67%;(4)T_(1)处理所育烟苗地上部矮小,T_(2)处理烟株生物量积累更多,根系更发达,基质真菌数量更少,有利于烟苗的真菌病害防控。总之,通气孔育苗盘明显促进了成苗期(6叶1心)烟株根系生长和根系生物量积累,以160孔平底通气孔育苗盘培育烟苗素质最好。

In order to improve the growing environment and quality of tobacco seedlings,the existing conventional 160-well seedling tray(CK)was optimized and designed as two new ventilated seedling trays(T_(1):160-well protruding bottom,and T_(2):160-well flat bottom)used for seedling experiment.The effects of new ventilated seedling trays on the growth,development,physiological and biochemical indictors of tobacco seedling in critical period were studied.The results showed that:(1)There was no significant effect on the growth period of tobacco seedlings.(2)The root growth and biomass accumulation of tobacco seedlings in the late period were promoted significantly by new ventilated seedling trays.The root weight,root volume and surface area of T_(1)and T_(2)tobacco seedlings at time of seeding desired to plant were significantly higher than those of CK.The dry and fresh root weight and root volume were increased by 42.90%~84.62%and 35.29%~70.59%.Root surface area increased by 53.52%~80.89%.(3)POD activity,CAT activity and amylase activity of tobacco seedlings were significantly improved.POD activities of T_(1)and T_(2)were increased by 104.80%and 202.75%,and CAT activities were increased by 513.43%and 707.20%.Amylase activities were increased by 45.43%and 107.67%at time of seeding desired to plant.(4)The tobacco seedling aboveground of T_(1)was short.There were more biomass accumulation and stronger root system of T_(2)tobacco seedlings compared with T_(1),while the number of fungi in T_(2)substrate was small,which was beneficial to the control of fungal diseases of tobacco seedlings.In a word,the root growth and biomass accumulation of tobacco seedlings at time of seeding desired to plant were significantly promoted by the new ventilated seedling trays,and the quality of tobacco seedlings cultivated at T_(2)(160-well flat bottom)was the best.